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. 2020 Jan 6;9(1):128. doi: 10.3390/cells9010128

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of db-cAMP on macrophage polarization. Bone marrow from BALB/c mice was isolated and differentiated to bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) for 7 days. Then BMDMs were treated with db-cAMP (100µM) for 6, 12 and 24 h and analyzed by qPCR for the expression of the M2 markers: Arginase-1 (A) and CD206 (B) and the M1 marker iNOS (C). The levels of secretory products of M2 macrophages TGF-β and IL-10 (D,E) and M1 macrophages TNF-α (F) were measured from supernatants by ELISA assay. In (G–I) BMDMs were pretreated with H89 (20 µM) for 1 h and then stimulated with db-cAMP (100 µM) for further 6 h to measurement of the M2 markers Arginase-1, CD206 and IL-10. Results are expressed as fold increase (qPCR) and levels in pg/mL (ELISA), and are shown as the mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 when comparing with untreated (UT) BMDMs.