Table 2.
Summary of the major findings discussed in this review: (top) genes utilized for the heterogeneity deconvolution of circulating cfDNA and identification of pancreatic cfDNA (from [25]); (bottom) relevant biomarkers for PDAC detection at different stages (from [21,55,62]).
| Genes Useful to Identify Circulating Exocrine Pancreatic cfDNA | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CUX2 | Ductal cell marker | Increased signal in PDAC | ||||
| REG1A | Ductal and acing cell marker | Increasing signal in CP | ||||
| Frequency of cfDNA methylation biomarkers (%) | ||||||
| Gene | healthy | CP | PIN | PDAC I | PDAC II | PDAC III/IV |
| ADAMTS1 | <3 | - | 25 | 25–88 | 78–90 | 55 |
| BNC1 | 3–7 | 5 | 70 | 63–95 | 56–95 | 100 |
| CCND2 | 17 | 82 | - | - | - | 24 |
| CDKN1C | 60 | 90 | - | - | - | 27 |
| MLH1 | 22 | 78 | - | - | - | 27 |
| PGR (prox) | 14 | 76 | - | - | - | 37 |
| SYK | 57 | 89 | - | - | - | 57 |