Table 1.
Patient characteristics by baseline Magnesium level
| Factor | Overall (N = 10,568) | < 1.7 mg/dl (N = 1314) | 1.7–2.6 mg/dl (N = 9049) | > 2.6 mg/dl (N = 205) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 68.7 ± 13.3 | 65.4 ± 13.5 | 69.1 ± 13.2 | 68.7 ± 14.0 | < 0.001a |
| Male | 4969 (47.0) | 556 (42.3) | 4309 (47.6) | 104 (50.7) | < 0.001c |
| African American | 1445 (13.7) | 188 (14.3) | 1222 (13.5) | 35 (17.1) | 0.26c |
| Smoking | 0.005c | ||||
| No | 7414 (70.2) | 884 (67.3) | 6386 (70.6) | 144 (70.2) | |
| Yes | 723 (6.8) | 122 (9.3) | 588 (6.5) | 13 (6.3) | |
| Missing | 2431 (23.0) | 308 (23.4) | 2075 (22.9) | 48 (23.4) | |
| BMI | 29.2 ± 7.0 | 29.2 ± 7.1 | 29.2 ± 6.9 | 28.8 ± 8.0 | 0.80a |
| BMI group | 0.20c | ||||
| < 18.5 kg/m2 | 204 (1.9) | 33 (2.5) | 161 (1.8) | 10 (4.9) | |
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 2719 (25.7) | 324 (24.7) | 2343 (25.9) | 52 (25.4) | |
| 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 3291 (31.1) | 409 (31.1) | 2823 (31.2) | 59 (28.8) | |
| 30–34.9 kg/m2 | 2097 (19.8) | 257 (19.6) | 1801 (19.9) | 39 (19.0) | |
| 35–39.9 kg/m2 | 969 (9.2) | 119 (9.1) | 833 (9.2) | 17 (8.3) | |
| 40+ kg/m2 | 757 (7.2) | 101 (7.7) | 641 (7.1) | 15 (7.3) | |
| Missing | 531 (5.0) | 71 (5.4) | 447 (4.9) | 13 (6.3) | |
| Diabetes | 2175 (20.6) | 316 (24.0) | 1809 (20.0) | 50 (24.4) | 0.001c |
| Malignancy | 2871 (27.2) | 428 (32.6) | 2405 (26.6) | 38 (18.5) | < 0.001c |
| Hypertension | 7998 (75.7) | 1007 (76.6) | 6835 (75.5) | 156 (76.1) | 0.68c |
| Hyperlipidemia | 7303 (69.1) | 849 (64.6) | 6307 (69.7) | 147 (71.7) | < 0.001c |
| CAD | 2117 (20.0) | 190 (14.5) | 1875 (20.7) | 52 (25.4) | < 0.001c |
| CHF | 1589 (15.0) | 107 (8.1) | 1408 (15.6) | 74 (36.1) | < 0.001c |
| CVD | 894 (8.5) | 83 (6.3) | 796 (8.8) | 15 (7.3) | 0.009c |
| PVD | 279 (2.6) | 30 (2.3) | 244 (2.7) | 5 (2.4) | 0.67c |
| ACEI/ARB | 6025 (57.0) | 688 (52.4) | 5207 (57.5) | 130 (63.4) | < 0.001c |
| Diuretics | 6684 (63.2) | 816 (62.1) | 5715 (63.2) | 153 (74.6) | 0.002c |
| Statin | 5138 (48.6) | 578 (44.0) | 4456 (49.2) | 104 (50.7) | 0.001c |
| Beta Blocker | 5963 (56.4) | 722 (54.9) | 5113 (56.5) | 128 (62.4) | 0.12c |
| Magnesium supplement | 2572 (24.3) | 525 (40.0) | 2012 (22.2) | 35 (17.1) | < 0.001c |
| Proton pump inhibitor | 5236 (49.5) | 754 (57.4) | 4390 (48.5) | 92 (44.9) | < 0.001c |
| eGFR | 46.3 ± 11.0 | 46.7 ± 10.4 | 46.3 ± 11.0 | 40.0 ± 12.9 | < 0.001a |
| CKD stage | < 0.001c | ||||
| 45–59 | 6572 (62.2) | 834 (63.5) | 5652 (62.5) | 86 (42.0) | |
| 30–44 | 2888 (27.3) | 367 (27.9) | 2461 (27.2) | 60 (29.3) | |
| 15–29 | 1108 (10.5) | 113 (8.6) | 936 (10.3) | 59 (28.8) | |
| Albumin | 3.9 ± 0.59 | 3.8 ± 0.62 | 3.9 ± 0.59 | 3.9 ± 0.61 | < 0.001a |
| Hemoglobin | 12.3 ± 1.9 | 11.7 ± 1.9 | 12.4 ± 1.9 | 11.7 ± 2.2 | < 0.001a |
| Potassium | 4.3 ± 0.59 | 4.2 ± 0.64 | 4.3 ± 0.58 | 4.4 ± 0.64 | < 0.001a |
| Calcium | 9.4 ± 0.68 | 9.3 ± 0.76 | 9.4 ± 0.66 | 9.3 ± 0.86 | < 0.001a |
| CO2 | 25.8 ± 3.8 | 25.0 ± 4.0 | 26.0 ± 3.7 | 26.3 ± 5.4 | < 0.001a |
| Insurance grouped | 0.035c | ||||
| Medicaid | 241 (2.3) | 33 (2.5) | 204 (2.3) | 4 (2.0) | |
| Medicare | 6901 (65.3) | 821 (62.5) | 5942 (65.7) | 138 (67.3) | |
| Other | 2835 (26.8) | 367 (27.9) | 2422 (26.8) | 46 (22.4) | |
| Missing | 591 (5.6) | 93 (7.1) | 481 (5.3) | 17 (8.3) |
Statistics presented as Mean ± SD, or N (column %)
p-values: aANOVA, cPearson’s chi-square test
Number missing data: BMI 531, albumin 544, hemoglobin 529, potassium 6, calcium 5, CO2 6