Figure 11.

PDAC-derived sEV-EZR promotes PDAC metastasis and increases M2 macrophages in animal models. (A) Schematic illustration of animal study setup and time course. PDAC-derived sEVs (PC080 or PC084 scramble sEVs and shEZR-sEVs) were administered every day for 1 week before PC080 cells injection in NSG mice then were administered every other day until day 24. (B) At day 24, PC080 tumors were harvested and measured by tumor weight (C) and tumor volume (D). Data analyzed by using the Student t-test (E) IVIS images showed liver metastasis at day 24. The bioluminescence photon counts in the region of liver metastasis (n=5) measured by IVIS software. (F) Representative IHC images and (G) the bar chart showed the percentage of iNOS⁺ (M1 macrophage marker) and CD206⁺ (M2 macrophage marker) cells in mouse pancreatic cancer tissues. Each dot represents the datum from one mouse. Scale bar, 100 μm. 40 × magnification. Data represented means ± SD. Level of significance was determined using Student’s t-test. *P<.05, **P<.005, ***P<0.001, or using ANOVA test. *P<0.05.