| Methods |
Prospective, controlled with cross‐over design. Randomised using computerised minimisation algorthim. |
| Participants |
19 cognitively impaired participants were eligible. 14 participants completed the treatment phase, mean age 83 years, SD 5.4, range 69.3‐91.5 years, 10 female, 4 male.
Inclusion criteria: homebound with full‐time caregiver; age >=60 years; minimum urinary incontinence on average twice weekly and for a minimum of 3 months.
Setting: participant's home |
| Interventions |
Treatment group = 8 week treatment phase Control group = followed for 8 weeks, reassessed, then crossed over to treatment protocol.
All participants reassessed at end of treatment protocol |
| Outcomes |
Reduction of day and night time incontinent episodes. |
| Notes |
Treatment implemented by full‐time caregiver. Wet checks every 2 hours ‐ waking hours only. During treatment weekly intervention visits by study nurse. Follow‐up of all participants for 1 year following treament completion with reasssessment visit every 3 months. Cognitively intact participants were entered into a separate crossover trial of pelvic floor muscle training with biofeedback |
| Risk of bias |
| Bias |
Authors' judgement |
Support for judgement |
| Allocation concealment? |
Unclear risk |
B ‐ Unclear |
