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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Feb 13.
Published in final edited form as: Heart Rhythm. 2018 Apr 3;15(8):1233–1241. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.03.041

Figure 1. Reduced Pak1 activity enhances the propensity for atrial arrhythmic events.

Figure 1

(A) Heart rate (HR, beats per minute: bpm) and (B) Coefficient of variation (CV) recorded in conscious WT and Pak1−/− mice after intraperitoneal injection of carbachol (CCh: 150 ng/g). Representative ECG recording in WT (C) and Pak1−/− (D) mice show PACs in Pak1−/− hearts (arrows indicate P-wave). (*p < 0.05 compared to t = 0 min; #p < 0.05 compared to WT)