Rifkin 1984.

Methods	Allocation: randomised ‐ no further details. Blinding: double ‐ identical capsules, evaluation by psychiatrist blind to drug taken. Duration: 4 weeks. Setting: single centre.
Participants	Diagnosis: schizophrenia, paranoid (RDC). N=64. Age: 18‐60 years. Sex: 41 M, 23 F. History: hospitalised. Exclusion: pregnant or risk of, co‐existing mental illnesses, ill health, recent amphetamine abuse, hospitalised patients.
Interventions	1. Loxapine: dose mean 128.6 mg/day (SD 38). N=31. 2. Chlorpromazine: dose mean 1288 mg/day (SD 358). N=33. Antiparkinsonian or benzodiazepine as required.
Outcomes	Global effect: CGI. Leaving the study early. Unable to use ‐ Mental state: BPRS, use of additional sedation (no data). Behaviour: IMPS, NOSIE, Prerbid Asociality Adjustment Scale (no data). Side effects: use of antiparkinsonian drugs (no data). Laboratory tests: (no data). Physiological measures: BP, pulse (no usable data).
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	B ‐ Unclear