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. 2020 Feb 13;15(2):e0228129. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228129

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of the groups of participants involved in the study.

Age-matched comparison
Younger cohort Older cohort
English Italian Diff E-I English* Italian Diff E-I
Grade 3rd 2nd 5th 4th
N 58 58 70 86
Gender 30M/28F 29M/29F .85 32M/38F 40M/46F .92
Age 7.9 7.3 < .001 10 9.6 < .001
Raven: raw accuracy (and z score according to normative data) 29.1 (z = .73) 22.8 (z = .43) < .001 .06 31.4 (z = -.28) 29.3 (z = -.01) < .001 .12
Grade matched comparison
English Italian Diff E-I
Grade 5th 5th
N 19 19
Gender 10M/9F 9M/10F .75
Age 10.3 10.4 .07
Raven: raw accuracy (and z score according to normative data) 31.4 (z = -.30) 31.0 (z = -.03) .15 .37