Fig 12. 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) uptake and the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK Thr¹⁷²), acetyl Co-A carboxylase (pACC Ser⁷⁹), TBC1D1 (pTBC1D1 Ser²³⁷) and AS160 (pAS160 Thr⁶⁴²) in isolated epitrochlearis from WT and KO rats.

Paired muscles were incubated in the absence of (white bars) or presence of (black bars) AICAR (2 mM). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, and the Holm-Sidak post hoc test except for pAS160 Thr⁶⁴² which was analyzed with a paired t-test. (A) *P<0.001 for no AICAR versus AICAR in the same genotype; ^‡P<0.001, WT versus KO with the same AICAR dose; ^†P<0.05 for WT versus KO without AICAR. Means ± SEM for 6–9 rats of each genotype. (B) *P<0.05 for no AICAR versus AICAR within the same genotype. A t-test revealed that pAMPK Thr¹⁷² was significantly greater (P<0.05) for muscles incubated with AICAR versus without AICAR in KO rats. (C) *P<0.001, for no AICAR versus AICAR within the same genotype. (D) ^†P<0.05 for WT versus KO without AICAR; *P<0.01 for no AICAR versus AICAR in KO rats. (E) *P<0.05, for no AICAR versus AICAR in WT rats. Means ± SEM for 6–9 rats of each genotype.