Table 2.
Within-group comparisons of the assessment measures over time.
| Measure |
M (SD) score at each time point |
F statistic repeated-measures ANOVA |
Bonferroni post hoc testing, M difference ± SE, p value |
Cohen's d [95% CI] |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | T2 | T3 | T0–T2–T3 | T0–T2 | T0–T3 | T2–T3 | T0–T3 | |
| TFI | 59.49 (18.40) | 38.17 (24.58) | 36.79 (24.84) | F = 589.81, p = .001* | 21.29 ± 0.77, p = .001* | 22.07 ± 0.79, p = .001* | 1.38 ± 0.49, p = 1.00 | 1.04 [0.69, 1.38] |
| ISI | 12.94 (7.03) | 9.01 (6.93) | 9.05 (6.99) | F = 182.55, p = .001* | 3.93 ± 0.19, p = .001* | 3.89 ± 0.23, p = .001* | −0.04 ± 0.17, p = .47 | 0.55 [0.22, 0.88] |
| GAD-7 | 7.42 (5.52) | 5.55 (4.90) | 6.00 (5.53) | F = 55.75, p = .001* | 1.87 ± 0.19, p = .001* | 1.42 ± 0.22, p = .001* | −0.45 ± 0.13, p = .002* | 0.32 [0.01, 0.65] |
| PHQ-9 | 7.99 (5.66) | 5.88 (5.23) | 6.74 (6.08) | F = 79.52, p = .001* | 2.09 ± 0.17, p = .001* | 1.24 ± 0.20, p = .001* | −0.86 ± 0.13, p = .001* | 0.21 [−0.11, 0.54] |
| HHIA-S | 17.84 (11.41) | 14.62 (10.52) | 16.83 (10.85) | F = 58.29, p = .006* | 3.22 ± 0.29, p = .001* | 1.02 ± 0.35, p = .013* | 2.21 ± −0.26, p = .001* | 0.09 [−0.23, 0.41] |
| HQ | 19.22 (8.48) | 16.92 (9.04) | 18.19 (9.67) | F = 41.63, p = .001* | 2.30 ± 0.24, p = .001* | 1.03 ± 0.30, p = .002* | −1.26 ± 0.19, p = .001* | 0.11 [−0.21, 0.44] |
| CFQ | 40.63 (15.92) | 39.96 (16.97) | 42.36 (18.43) | F = 15.69, p = .001* | 0.67 ± 0.45, p = .411* | −1.73 ± 0.54, p = .004* | −2.40 ± 0.31, p = .001* | −0.10 [−0.42, 0.22] |
| SWLS | 16.54 (6.14) | 18.42 (6.19) | 21.46 (8.46) | F = 319.18, p = .001* | 1.88 ± 0.18, p = .001* | 4.93 ± 0.23, p = .001* | 3.05 ± 0.18, p = .001* | 0.67 [0.33, 1.00] |
Note. T0 = preintervention; T2 = follow-up; T3 = at 1-year postintervention follow-up; TFI = Tinnitus Functional Index; ISI = Insomnia Severity Index; GAD-7 = Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PHQ-9 = Patient Health Questionnaire-9; HHIA-S = Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults–Screening Version; HQ = Hyperacusis Questionnaire; CFQ = Cognitive Failures Questionnaire; SWLS = Satisfaction With Life Scale.
*
Significance at p < .05.