Table 1.
Client Factors (N = 334)
| Client Factor | n (%) |
| Gender (N = 333) | |
| Male | 189 (57) |
| Female | 144 (43) |
| Ethnicity (N = 313) | |
| White/non-Hispanic | 111 (35) |
| White/Hispanic | 52 (17) |
| Black | 129 (41) |
| Other | 21 (7) |
| Gestational age at birth (N = 334) | |
| <37 wk | 167 (50) |
| ≥37 wk | 167 (50) |
| Aspiration (N = 331) | |
| Present | 136 (41) |
| Absent | 195 (59) |
| History of intubation | 112 (34) |
| Diagnosesa (N = 334) | |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage | 53 (16) |
| Hydrocephalous | 32 (10) |
| Hypoxi-ischemic encephalopathy | 13 (4) |
| Genetic disorder | 80 (24) |
| Metabolic mitochondrial disorder | 14 (4) |
| Sternum congenital heart anomaly | 230 (69) |
| Thoracic congenital heart anomaly | 64 (19) |
| Respiratory disorder | 242 (72) |
| GI disorder | 162 (49) |
| Transesophageal echocardiogram | 4 (1) |
| Stridor (high-pitched breathing) | 55 (16) |
| Tracheomalacia | 15 (5) |
| Vocal cord paralysis or paresis | 48 (14) |
| Craniofacial anomalies | 42 (13) |
| Pneumonia or atelectasis | 81 (24) |
Note. Ns for each client factor differ because the number of missing responses for each differed. GI = gastrointestinal.
a
Patients could have multiple diagnoses.