Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics
| Variables at baselinea | Total sample (n, %) | No sexual risk (n, %) | Early sexual risk exposure (n, %) | Comparison test (p-value)b |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, range) | 12.8 (9–19) | 12.7 (9–19) | 14.4 (10–19) | < 0.0001 |
| 9 | 10, 0.3 | 10, 0.3 | 0, 0 | |
| 10 | 555, 15.3 | 545, 16.4 | 10, 3.2 | |
| 11 | 514, 14.1 | 498 15.0 | 16, 5.1 | |
| 12 | 628, 17.3 | 604, 18.2 | 24, 7.6 | |
| 13 | 602, 16.6 | 562, 16.9 | 40, 12.7 | |
| 14 | 537, 14.8 | 469, 14.1 | 68, 21.7 | |
| 15 | 387, 10.7 | 311, 9.4 | 76, 24.2 | |
| 16 | 229, 6.3 | 185, 5.6 | 44, 14.0 | |
| 17 | 133, 3.7 | 108, 3.3 | 25, 8.0 | |
| 18 | 28. 0.8 | 21, 0.6 | 7, 2.2 | |
| 19 | 12, 0.3 | 8, 0.2 | 4, 1.3 | |
| Age at follow-up (mean, range) | 14.1 (10-21) | 14.0 (10-21) | 16.0 (11-21) | < 0.0001 |
| Gender | – | – | – | 0.897 |
| Female | 2048, 56.3 | 1870, 56.3 | 178, 56.7 | – |
| Male | 1587, 43.7 | 1451, 43.7 | 136, 43.3 | – |
| Location type | – | – | – | < 0.0001 |
| Urban | 2110, 58.0 | 1886, 56.8 | 224, 71.3 | – |
| Rural | 1524, 42.0 | 1434, 43.2 | 90, 28.7 | – |
| Housing type | – | – | – | 0.349 |
| Formal | 2733, 75.2 | 2490, 75.0 | 243, 77.4 | – |
| Informal | 901, 24.8 | 830, 25.0 | 71, 22.6 | – |
| Province of residence | – | – | – | < 0.0001 |
| Western Cape | 1154, 31.8 | 1087, 32.7 | 67, 21.3 | – |
| Mpumalanga | 1412, 38.8 | 1363, 41.0 | 49, 15.6 | – |
| Eastern cape | 1069, 29.4 | 871, 26.2 | 198, 63.1 | – |
| Socio-economic status | – | – | – | 0.12 |
| Any missing necessities at home | 2659, 73.3 | 2442, 73.6 | 217, 69.6 | – |
| No missing necessities at home | 969, 26.7 | 874, 26.4 | 95, 30.5 | – |
| Double orphanhood | – | – | – | 0.004 |
| No | 3393, 93.3 | 3112, 93.7 | 281, 89.5 | – |
| Yes | 242, 6.7 | 209, 6.3 | 33, 10.5 | – |
| HIV status (follow-up) | – | – | – | < 0.0001 |
| HIV-positive | 835, 23.2 | 694, 21.1 | 141, 45.2 | – |
| HIV-negative | 2771, 76.8 | 2600, 78.9 | 171, 54.8 | – |
aAll variables reported in this table were measured at baseline unless noted otherwise
bTwo-sample t-tests were used for continuous variables and Pearson’s χ2 tests were used for categorical variables