Table 3.
Mean costs per patient per year [95% confidence intervals] in Euros 2017, by all costs and by costs generated with multiple sclerosis (MS) as the main diagnosis, when pooling all four study cohorts and also by study cohort, and by type of cost [(a) Direct costs, (b) Indirect costs]
| All cohorts | Cohort 2006 | Cohort 2007 | Cohort 2008 | Cohort 2009 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 3272 | N = 793 | N = 851 | N = 821 | N = 807 | |
| (a) Direct costs | |||||
| Inpatient costs | |||||
| Year 1 | 2642 [2121–3163] | 2748 [2218–3277] | 2439 [2038–2841] | 3210 [2531–3890] | 2172 [1698–2645] |
| Year 2 | 1574 [1122–2026] | 1693 [1155–2230] | 1617 [1187–2047] | 1463 [1145–1780]* | 1524 [1000–2048] |
| Year 3 | 1606 [1250–1963] | 1710 [1285–2134] | 1672 [1331–2013] | 1721 [1330–2113] | 1322 [1052–1592] |
| Year 4 | 1488 [1076–1900] | 1305 [998–1611] | 1745 [1090–2399] | 1531 [1205–1856] | 1372 [1012–1732] |
| Year 5 | 1515 [1159–1872] | 1672 [1312–2032] | 1345 [1064–1626] | 1544 [1127–1960] | 1500 [1132–1869] |
| Inpatient costs with MS as main diagnosis | |||||
| Year 1 | 664 [510–819] | 823 [658–988] | 600 [464–737] | 803 [574–1032] | 431 [344–519] |
| Year 2 | 492 [302–683] | 366 [224–508] | 567 [345–789] | 571 [352–790] | 465 [288–643] |
| Year 3 | 585 [363–807] | 525 [300–749] | 699 [442–957] | 709 [462–956] | 406 [246–567] |
| Year 4 | 494 [291–696] | 389 [203–575] | 699 [447–951] | 553 [343–764] | 333 [171–495] |
| Year 5 | 458 [263–654] | 522 [292–751] | 519 [315–724] | 468 [259–677] | 323 [184–463] |
| Outpatient costs | |||||
| Year 1 | 1768 [1655–1880] | 1746 [1605–1887] | 1481 [1383–1579] | 1720 [1625–1814] | 2124 [2007–2241] |
| Year 2 | 1235 [1128–1341] | 1004 [886–1121] | 1130 [1049–1210] | 1461 [1341–1582] | 1343 [1235–1451] |
| Year 3 | 1234 [1124–1344] | 1007 [912–1103] | 1223 [1116–1331] | 1216 [1107–1325] | 1488 [1361–1616] |
| Year 4 | 1266 [1157–1375] | 1128 [1016–1240] | 1017 [920–1115] | 1426 [1314–1538] | 1492 [1376–1607] |
| Year 5 | 1318 [1200–1436] | 1059 [941–1177] | 1222 [1120–1324] | 1575 [1451–1699] | 1415 [1286–1544] |
| Outpatient costs with MS as main diagnosis | |||||
| Year 1 | 764 [714–813] | 768 [707–829] | 627 [591–664] | 752 [706–798] | 907 [852–962] |
| Year 2 | 626 [572–680] | 480 [439–522] | 618 [570–666] | 699 [637–760] | 706 [642–770] |
| Year 3 | 599 [538–660] | 467 [420–514] | 587 [530–644] | 577 [515–639] | 764 [686–843] |
| Year 4 | 616 [553–679] | 474 [428–519] | 516 [456–576] | 691 [624–757] | 784 [705–864] |
| Year 5 | 661 [585–736] | 472 [400–544] | 628 [559–697] | 824 [739–909] | 718 [642–793] |
| Co-payments | |||||
| Year 1 | 113 [109–117] | 115 [111–119] | 110 [106–114] | 116 [112–120] | 112 [108–115] |
| Year 2 | 77 [73–81] | 78 [74–82] | 76 [72–80] | 78 [74–82] | 77 [73–81] |
| Year 3 | 70 [66–74] | 69 [65–73] | 65 [62–69] | 70 [66–74] | 75 [72–79] |
| Year 4 | 68 [64–71] | 63 [59–66] | 62 [58–65] | 72 [68–76] | 73 [69–76] |
| Year 5 | 69 [65–73] | 63 [59–68] | 68 [64–72] | 73 [69–77] | 70 [66–74] |
| All drug costs | |||||
| Year 1 | 4058 [3707–4409] | 3652 [3302–4003] | 3637 [3304–3971] | 4221 [3865–4577] | 4721 [4356–5086] |
| Year 2 | 6770 [6291–7250] | 6353 [5872–6835] | 6613 [6139–7088] | 6863 [6365–7362] | 7250 [6787–7713] |
| Year 3 | 6117 [5646–6589] | 6066 [5543–6588] | 6263 [5800–6726] | 5758 [5313–6203] | 6382 [5926–6838] |
| Year 4 | 5655 [5193–6118] | 5485 [4989–5981] | 5933 [5483–6384] | 5272 [4834–5710] | 5929 [5464–6395] |
| Year 5 | 5298 [4836–5761] | 5158 [4668–5649] | 5292 [4863–5722] | 5181 [4718–5645] | 5561 [5094–6028] |
| MS drug costs | |||||
| Year 1 | 3614 [3270–3957] | 3198 [2854–3541] | 3203 [2876–3530] | 3729 [3386–4072] | 4325 [3964–4686] |
| Year 2 | 6220 [5753–6687] | 5812 [5337–6286] | 6063 [5591–6535] | 6266 [5801–6731] | 6739 [6281–7196] |
| Year 3 | 5528 [5071–5984] | 5378 [4901–5855] | 5669 [5211–6126] | 5230 [4785–5674] | 5833 [5385–6281] |
| Year 4 | 5042 [4596–5487] | 4757 [4307–5207] | 5307 [4866–5749] | 4673 [4244–5101] | 5429 [4968–5891] |
| Year 5 | 4647 [4207–5087] | 4381 [3949–4812] | 4648 [4225–5072] | 4492 [4047–4938] | 5066 [4606–5527] |
| Total direct costs | |||||
| Year 1 | 8581 [7926–9237] | 8261 [7565–8956] | 7668 [7141–8195] | 9267 [8475–10,060] | 9128 [8521–9736] |
| Year 2 | 9655 [8996–10,316] | 9128 [8396–9860] | 9435 [8826–10,045] | 9864 [9289–10,440] | 10,194 [9472–10,917] |
| Year 3 | 9027 [8434–9621] | 8852 [8172–9532] | 9224 [8656–9792] | 8765 [8179–9351] | 9268 [8728–9808] |
| Year 4 | 8476 [7843–9109] | 7980 [7382–8578] | 8757 [7972–9543] | 8301 [7736–8865] | 8865 [8280–9451] |
| Year 5 | 8200 [7599–8801] | 7953 [7341–8565] | 7927 [7405–8449] | 8373 [7728–9018] | 8546 [7920–9171] |
| Total direct costs with MS as main diagnosis | |||||
| Year 1 | 5155 [4760–5550] | 4903 [4492–5314] | 4541 [4179–4903] | 5401 [4980–5822] | 5775 [5389–6161] |
| Year 2 | 7415 [6914–7917] | 6736 [6233–7239] | 7323 [6807–7839] | 7614 [7111–8118] | 7987 [7503–8471] |
| Year 3 | 6781 [6282–7281] | 6439 [5915–6962] | 7021 [6511–7531] | 6586 [6100–7072] | 7079 [6600–7557] |
| Year 4 | 6219 [5733–6704] | 5682 [5191–6173] | 6584 [6097–7071] | 5989 [5515–6463] | 6619 [6130–7109] |
| Year 5 | 5834 [5348–6320] | 5438 [4957–5919] | 5864 [5396–6331] | 5857 [5350–6365] | 6177 [5689–6665] |
| (b) Indirect costs | |||||
| SA costsa | |||||
| Year 1 | 8458 [7407–9510] | 9795 [8743–10,847] | 8684 [7741–9627] | 8532 [7541–9523] | 7485 [6562–8408] |
| Year 2 | 6065 [5179–6950] | 9610 [8483–10,736] | 8588 [7566–9611] | 8175 [7118–9232] | 7460 [6459–8462] |
| Year 3 | 4546 [3789–5303] | 7811 [6758–8864] | 5591 [4782–6400] | 5010 [4216–5804] | 5846 [4960–6731] |
| Year 4 | 3881 [3181–4580] | 5604 [4704–6505] | 3201 [2612–3790] | 4531 [3770–5292] | 4847 [4071–5623] |
| Year 5 | 2778 [2206–3349] | 3561 [2880–4241] | 4240 [3497–4984] | 4944 [4142–5746] | |
| SA costs with MS as main diagnosisa | |||||
| Year 1 | 2508 [1980–3037] | 2591 [2034–3148] | 2638 [2125–3152] | 2458 [1918–2997] | 2345 [1841–2850] |
| Year 2 | 3689 [2964–4415] | 3957 [3190–4724] | 3757 [3037–4477] | 3301 [2617–3986] | 3742 [3011–4474] |
| Year 3 | 3227 [2560–3893] | 3912 [3127–4697] | 2912 [2326–3498] | 2755 [2153–3358] | 3327 [2635–4020] |
| Year 4 | 2830 [2216–3443] | 3071 [2377–3765] | 2327 [1813–2841] | 2746 [2141–3351] | 3174 [2533–3815] |
| Year 5 | 2606 [2013–3199] | 1817 [1327–2306] | 2538 [1946–3131] | 2755 [2154–3356] | 3312 [2623–4001] |
| DP costs | |||||
| Year 1 | 6972 [5836–8108] | 7277 [6107–8447] | 8055 [6888–9222] | 6583 [5466–7699] | 5974 [4884–7065] |
| Year 2 | 8691 [7465–9917] | 9375 [8093–10,658] | 10,232 [8965–11,500] | 8259 [7038–9479] | 6897 [5762–8032] |
| Year 3 | 10,941 [9609–12,274] | 12,028 [10,618–13,437] | 13,297 [11,876–14,718] | 10,548 [9235–11,862] | 7891 [6705–9077] |
| Year 4 | 12,534 [11,150–13,918] | 14,412 [12,919–15,904] | 14,923 [13,484–16,362] | 11,519 [10,175–12,863] | 9281 [8020–10,541] |
| Year 5 | 13,462 [12,054–14,870] | 15,989 [14,473–17,506] | 14,987 [13,563–16,412] | 12,460 [11,075–13,845] | 10,410 [9106–11,715] |
| DP costs with MS as main diagnosis | |||||
| Year 1 | 1731 [1175–2287] | 1738 [1152–2325] | 2569 [1877–3262] | 1936 [1339–2534] | 680 [331–1028] |
| Year 2 | 3321 [2559–4082] | 3443 [2646–4239] | 4454 [3585–5324] | 3490 [2697–4283] | 1895 [1309–2481] |
| Year 3 | 5355 [4387–6323] | 5545 [4536–6553] | 6866 [5786–7946] | 5737 [4737–6737] | 3272 [2489–4056] |
| Year 4 | 6947 [5866–8028] | 7458 [6319–8598] | 8654 [7478–9829] | 6872 [5799–7945] | 4802 [3866–5739] |
| Year 5 | 7951 [6806–9097] | 8954 [7723–10,186] | 9179 [7987–10,371] | 7841 [6691–8992] | 5831 [4824–6838] |
| Total indirect costs | |||||
| Year 1 | 15,596 [14,248–16,945] | 17,072 [15,667–18,477] | 16,739 [15,399–18,080] | 15,114 [13,773–16,456] | 13,459 [12,154–14,765] |
| Year 2 | 17,149 [15,676–18,622] | 18,985 [17,462–20,508] | 18,820 [17,330–20,310] | 16,434 [14,962–17,905] | 14,358 [12,950–15,765] |
| Year 3 | 17,006 [15,536–18,475] | 19,838 [18,276–21,401] | 18,888 [17,378–20,397] | 15,559 [14,127–16,990] | 13,737 [12,361–15,113] |
| Year 4 | 17,080 [15,611–18,548] | 20,016 [18,419–21,614] | 18,124 [16,660–19,587] | 16,050 [14,609–17,491] | 14,128 [12,755–15,501] |
| Year 5 | 17,343 [15,875–18,810] | 18,767 [17,243–20,290] | 18,548 [17,079–20,017] | 16,700 [15,251–18,150] | 15,355 [13,927–16,783] |
| Total indirect costs with MS as main diagnosis | |||||
| Year 1 | 4239 [3480–4998] | 4329 [3536–5123] | 5208 [4369–6047] | 4394 [3601–5186] | 3025 [2415–3635] |
| Year 2 | 7010 [5985–8035] | 7400 [6323–8477] | 8211 [7128–9294] | 6791 [5776–7806] | 5637 [4712–6562] |
| Year 3 | 8582 [7437–9727] | 9457 [8220–10,693] | 9778 [8590–10,966] | 8493 [7352–9634] | 6600 [5586–7613] |
| Year 4 | 9777 [8566–10,987] | 10,530 [9230–11,829] | 10,981 [9736–12,226] | 9619 [8419–10,818] | 7976 [6877–9076] |
| Year 5 | 10,557 [9303–11,811] | 10,771 [9486–12,056] | 11,717 [10,427–13,008] | 10,596 [9347–11,846] | 9142 [7953–10,332] |
DP disability pension, SA sickness absence
aIn order not to introduce bias in relation to employment status, only SA spells > 14 days were included in the SA costs calculation