Table 4.
Sociodemographic and multi-morbidity differences across the estimated four trajectories of newly diagnosed individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS)
| Trajectory 1: low direct and indirect costs | Trajectory 2: high direct but low indirect costs | Trajectory 3: low direct but high indirect costs | Trajectory 4: high direct and indirect costs | Pearson’s Chi square (p value) | Log-likelihood test Chi square (p value) | Diff. in R2c | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19.9% | 31.8% | 16.1% | 32.1% | ||||
| N (%)a | N (%)a | N (%)a | N (%)a | ||||
| Sex | 37.81 (< 0.0001) | 37.98 (< 0.0001) | 0.024 | ||||
| Women | 410 (12.55) | 678 (20.76) | 362 (11.08) | 797 (24.4) | |||
| Men | 252 (7.72) | 351 (10.75) | 148 (4.53) | 268 (8.21) | |||
| Age at diagnosis | 368.49 (< 0.0001) | 373.23 (< 0.0001) | 0.050 | ||||
| 25–34 | 179 (5.47) | 424 (12.96) | 56 (1.71) | 237 (7.24) | |||
| 35–44 | 202 (6.17) | 375 (11.46) | 108 (3.3) | 375 (11.46) | |||
| 45–54 | 181 (5.53) | 173 (5.29) | 193 (5.9) | 303 (9.26) | |||
| 55–60 | 101 (3.09) | 57 (1.74) | 153 (4.68) | 155 (4.74) | |||
| Educational levelb | 157.85 (< 0.0001) | 159.62 (< 0.0001) | 0.018 | ||||
| Elementary (0–9 years) | 78 (2.45) | 86 (2.7) | 113 (3.55) | 156 (4.9) | |||
| High school (10–12 years) | 267 (8.39) | 440 (13.82) | 272 (8.54) | 582 (18.28) | |||
| University/college (> 12 years) | 295 (9.27) | 454 (14.26) | 119 (3.74) | 322 (10.11) | |||
| Country of birthb | 11.07 (0.5229) | 11.47 (0.4888) | –0.001 | ||||
| Sweden | 559 (17.56) | 868 (27.26) | 459 (14.42) | 940 (29.52) | |||
| Nordic countries (except Sweden) | 17 (0.53) | 26 (0.82) | 14 (0.44) | 28 (0.88) | |||
| EU27 (except Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden) | 19 (0.6) | 23 (0.72) | < 10 (0.25) | 21 (0.66) | |||
| Rest of the world | 45 (1.41) | 63 (1.98) | 23 (0.72) | 71 (2.23) | |||
| Type of living areab | 39.48 (< 0.0001) | 40.05 (< 0.0001) | 0.007 | ||||
| Big cities | 266 (8.35) | 419 (13.16) | 144 (4.52) | 371 (11.65) | |||
| Medium-sized cities | 211 (6.63) | 322 (10.11) | 191 (6) | 363 (11.4) | |||
| Small towns/villages | 163 (5.12) | 239 (7.51) | 169 (5.31) | 326 (10.24) | |||
| Family situationb | 109.10 (< 0.0001) | 112.09 (< 0.0001) | 0.005 | ||||
| Married/cohabitating without children at home | 83 (2.61) | 69 (2.17) | 104 (3.27) | 139 (4.37) | |||
| Married/cohabitating with children at home | 260 (8.17) | 465 (14.6) | 159 (4.99) | 436 (13.69) | |||
| Single without children at home | 236 (7.41) | 395 (12.41) | 176 (5.53) | 359 (11.28) | |||
| Single with children at home | 61 (1.92) | 51 (1.6) | 65 (2.04) | 126 (3.96) | |||
| Multi-morbidity | 191.00 (< 0.0001) | 190.52 (< 0.0001) | 0.029 | ||||
| Yes | 1284 (39.24) | 187 (5.72) | 181 (5.53) | 1375 (42.02) | |||
| No | 136 (4.16) | 58 (1.77) | 31 (0.95) | 20 (0.61) | |||
| Anxiety/depression | 5.64 (0.131) | 5.57 (0.135) | 0.007 | ||||
| Yes | 55 (1.68) | 50 (1.53) | 40 (1.22) | 36 (1.1) | |||
| No | 738 (22.56) | 801 (24.48) | 781 (23.87) | 771 (23.56) |
aThe percentages are calculated as n divided with the total number of individuals in the study population (3272 if not otherwise indicated; seeb)
bThe total number of individuals with this type of information in the study population (i.e. all individuals excluding those with missing information in this category) was 3184
cThe R2 for the full model was 0.178