Table 1.
Selected Baseline Characteristics (N = 4090)
| All respondents (N = 4090) | All respondents by chronic disease status‡ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic disease (n = 1161) | No chronic disease (n = 2929) | p value* | |||||
| Percent | 95% CI | Percent | 95% CI | Percent | 95% CI | ||
| Age | < 0.01 | ||||||
| 19–34 | 40.0 | (38.0–42.0) | 17.8 | (15.0–21.1) | 47.4 | (45.0–49.7) | |
| 35–50 | 34.0 | (32.1–35.9) | 39.1 | (35.6–42.7) | 32.3 | (30.1–34.5) | |
| 51–64 | 26.0 | (24.5–27.6) | 43.1 | (39.7–46.5) | 20.3 | (18.8–22.0) | |
| Gender | 0.89 | ||||||
| Male | 48.4 | (46.5–50.4) | 48.7 | (45.1–52.3) | 48.4 | (46.0–50.7) | |
| Female | 51.6 | (49.6–53.5) | 51.3 | (47.7–54.9) | 51.6 | (49.3–54.0) | |
| Race | 0.03 | ||||||
| White | 61.2 | (59.3–63.0) | 63.0 | (59.4–66.5) | 60.5 | (58.2–62.8) | |
| Black or African-American | 26.1 | (24.3–27.9) | 27.2 | (23.9–30.6) | 25.7 | (23.6–27.9) | |
| Other | 8.8 | (7.7–10.0) | 7.4 | (5.7–9.5) | 9.2 | (7.9–10.7) | |
| More than one | 4.0 | (3.3–4.9) | 2.4 | (1.7–3.6) | 4.5 | (3.6–5.6) | |
| Ethnicity | |||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 5.2 | (4.4–6.2) | 4.1 | (2.8–6.0) | 5.6 | (4.6–6.8) | 0.24 |
| Arab, Chaldean, or Middle Eastern | 6.2 | (5.3–7.2) | 5.6 | (3.9–8.0) | 6.3 | (5.3–7.6) | 0.11 |
| Employment | < 0.01 | ||||||
| Employed or Self-employed | 48.8 | (47.0–50.7) | 39.0 | (35.7–42.5) | 52.1 | (49.9–54.4) | |
| Unemployed | 27.6 | – | 28.0 | – | 27.4 | ||
| Unable to work | 11.3 | (10.1–12.5) | 21.5 | (18.8–24.6) | 7.8 | (6.7–9.1) | |
| Retired | 2.3 | (2.1–3.0) | 4.1 | (3.0–5.6) | 2.0 | (1.5–2.5) | |
| Income (% of federal poverty level) | 0.01 | ||||||
| 0–35% | 51.8 | (50.8–52.8) | 56.2 | (53.2–59.2) | 50.4 | (48.7–52.0) | |
| 36–99% | 28.4 | (27.6–29.3) | 25.9 | (23.4–28.4) | 29.3 | (27.9–30.6) | |
| ≥ 100% | 19.7 | (19.1–20.4) | 17.9 | (19.3–21.5) | 20.4 | (19.3–21.5) | |
| Urban/rural | 0.51 | ||||||
| Urban | 81.0 | (80.0–82.0) | 80.3 | (78.0–82.4) | 81.3 | (80.0–82.5) | |
| Suburban | 8.8 | (7.9–9.7) | 9.6 | (8.0–11.5) | 8.5 | (7.5–9.6) | |
| Rural | 10.2 | (9.7–10.7) | 10.1 | (8.8–11.6) | 10.2 | (9.5–11.0) | |
| Chronic disease | |||||||
| ≥ 1 chronic disease (HEDIS) | 25.1 | (23.5–26.8) | – | – | – | – | – |
| Poor medical literacy (often or always need help reading written materials related to health)† | 6.1 | – | 10.9 | – | 4.5 | – | – |
| PCP visit in last 12 months§ | 85.2 | (83.5–86.7) | 94.8 | (92.6–96.3) | 81.8 | (79.7–83.7) | < 0.01 |
*p values are calculated comparing respondents with chronic disease to respondents without chronic disease
†Percent reported is sum of “agree” and “strongly agree” responses; confidence intervals not reported
‡Chronic disease was defined as having one or more of four chronic diseases (asthma, cardiovascular disease, COPD, and diabetes), as defined by Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) criteria35
§Among respondents who reported having a PCP (n = 3851)