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. 2020 Feb 7;11:101. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00101

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Copyright © 2020 Barnes, Carter and Lewis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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NMDS of beta diversity by individual salamander (n = 69) blocked by level of urbanization. Beta diversity was measured by calculating a Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix of OTU-level presence-absence culture data. Color denotes sampling location. PERMANOVA of beta diversity by level of urbanization indicates a significant difference between suburban and exurban skin bacterial communities (R² = 0.375, p = 0.005).