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. 2019 May 11;112(2):191–199. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djz077

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Published by Oxford University Press 2019. This work is written by US Government employees and is in the public domain in the United States.

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Figure 2. — Cubic restricted spline regression for estimated relative risk of lung cancer according to baseline serum alpha-tocopherol concentration in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. The reference value (9.5 mg/L; relative risk = 1.00) corresponds to the cutoff value of the first quintile of serum alpha-tocopherol concentration. The two-sided P values were derived from the likelihood ratio tests for nonlinearity and the linear relation.