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Production of the three hydroxycinnamic acids (coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acids) in E. coli BL21 (DE3) using tyrosine as substrate, after 63 h of fermentation. TAL, tyrosine ammonia lyase; C3H, 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase; COMT, caffeic acid O-methyltransferase.
