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. 2020 Jan 7;12(1):163. doi: 10.3390/nu12010163

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Sterilization of mouse diets by autoclaving. (A) Industrial autoclaves that can be used for sterilization of large batches of rodent diets must have large capacities. In principal, these devices are large pressure chambers, in which the goods are sterilized by subjecting them to a pressurized saturated steam at 121 °C (249 °F) maintained for about 20 min in a locked chamber. Different electronically-controlled valves and lines regulate steam flow and temperature in the steam chamber. (B,C) A typical industrial computer-controlled autoclave is depicted. (D–F) Autoclaves used for food production can be highly variable in size. Images showing different autoclaves from Steriflow (Roanne, France) were kindly provided by Kai Bergner from Vos Schott GmbH (Butzbach, Germany). A vivid 3D animation video of a typical water cascading process for sterilization by autoclaving can be found at: https://youtu.be/bWD87VVtzKU.