Table 8.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Name | Organic Compound | Color | E Number | ADI * (mg/kg bw/d) | Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C) Blue No. 1 | Brilliant Blue FCF (Acid Blue 9, D&C Blue No. 4, Atracid Blue FG) | blue | E133 | 0–6 | 3844-45-9 |
FD&C Blue No. 2 | Indigotine (Indigo Carmine, Acid Blue 74, Murabba, Sachsischblau) | indigo | E132 | 0–5 | 860-22-0 |
FD&C Green No. 3 | Fast Green FCF (Food Green FCF, Food Green 3, Green 1724) | green | E143 *** | 0–12.5 | 2353-45-9 |
FD&C Red No. 3 | Erythrosine (Erythrosin B, Acid Red 51, Pyrosin B, Food Red No. 3) | pink | E127 | 0–0.1 | 16423-68-0 |
FD&C Red No. 40 | Allura Red AC (Food Red 17, Curry Red) | red | E129 | 0–7 | 25956-17-6 |
FD&C Yellow No. 5 | Tartrazine (Tatrazol Yellow, Acid Yellow 23, Food Yellow 4) | yellow | E102 | 0–10 | 1934-21-0 |
FD&C Yellow No. 6 | Sunset Yellow FCF (Orange Yellow S, Food Yellow 3) | orange | E110 | 0–4 | 2783-94-0 |
Citrus Red 2 ** | Citrus Red (2,5-Dimethoxy-1-Phenylazo-2-naphthol, CI 12156, CI Solvent Red 80) | red | E121 *** | Only approved for use to color orange peels (US) | 6358-53-8 |
Orange B ** | Acid Orange 137 (LS-128771, Schembl132534) | orange | not allowed *** | Only approved for use in hot dog and sausage casings (US) | 53060-70-1 |
* Acceptable daily intake (ADI) values are given for humans and were taken from the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA, https://www.who.int/foodsafety/areas_work/chemical-risks/jecfa/en/) or from the Internationally Peer Reviewed Chemical Safety Information (http://www.inchem.org). Abbreviations used are: bw, body weight; ** Dye allowed by the FDA for limited applications. *** The usage of this dye in food products is forbidden in the EU.