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. 2020 Jan 14;12(1):212. doi: 10.3390/nu12010212

Figure 4.

Figure 4

DHCte supplementation suppressed age-associated reduction of physical activity and inflammation and oxidative stress in the brain. (A) (Left) The time course of locomotive activity in young and old C57BL/6J mice fed either an ND or an ND supplemented with DHCte for 56 days. (Right) Locomotor activity of mice in young and old mice was measured during 12 h. (B) mRNA expression levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (Ccl3), C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (Ccl5), C-X-C motif chemokine 1 (Cxcl1), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (Cxcl10), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (Icam1), interleukin 6 (Il6), and transforming growth factor-β1 (Tgfb1) in the prefrontal cortex. (C) mRNA expression levels of Ccl3, Ccl5, Cxcl1, Cxcl10, Icam1, Il6, and Tgfb1 in the hypothalamus. (D) 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the brain. (E) the mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase-1 (Sod1), superoxide dismutase-2 (Sod2), and catalase (Cat) in the prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus of young and old C57BL/6J mice fed either an ND or an ND supplemented with DHCte for 84 days. The values represent the means ± standard deviation (n = 14–22). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.