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. 2019 Dec 31;9(1):114. doi: 10.3390/jcm9010114

Table 2.

Drinking characteristics.

No Alcohol No Hangover Hangover p-Value
Evening before walking
Number of alcoholic drinks 0.0 (0.0) 0.9 (1.6) 3.0 (1.8) 0.000 *
Subjective intoxication --- 1.3 (1.9) 4.6 (2.4) 0.000 *
Start time drinking (h.min) --- 19.10 (2.4) 17.40 (1.8) 0.000 *
Stop time drinking (h.min) --- 21.45 (1.9) 20.13 (1.9) 0.000 *
Duration of drinking (h) --- 2.6 (2.4) 2.5 (1.5) 0.157
Estimated BAC (%) --- 0.02 (0.03) 0.03 (0.03) 0.001 *
Test day
Overall hangover severity before walking --- 0.0 (0.0) 4.6 (2.1) 0.000 *
Overall hangover severity during walking --- 1.1 (1.8) 3.4 (2.3) 0.000 *
Overall hangover severity after walking --- 1.1 (2.1) 3.5 (2.4) 0.000 *
Afternoon after walking
Number of alcoholic drinks 0.4 (0.9) 1.0 (1.7) 1.0 (1.3) 0.112
Subjective intoxication 0.6 (1.6) 0.9 (2.1) 1.5 (2.0) 0.010 *
Number of cigarettes smoked 0.4 (1.5) 1.0 (2.3) 3.4 (4.5) 0.000 *

An Independent Samples Mann–Whitney U test was conducted to compare the ‘no hangover’ and ‘hangover’ group. Significant differences between the ‘hangover’ and ‘no hangover’ group (p < 0.05) are indicated by *.