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. 2020 Jan 14;9(1):222. doi: 10.3390/jcm9010222

Figure 3.

Figure 3

HDV replication. (1) HDV genome is translocated in the nucleolus. (2) It is then recognized by RNA polymerase I to produce concatemers of linear antigenomic RNAs through a rolling circle mechanism. (3) Ribozyme activity induced the cleavage of antigenomic RNA concatemers in antigenomic RNA monomers. (4) Linear antigenomic RNAs are circularized through an unknown ligation process. (5) Antigenomic RNAs are translocated in the nucleoplasm. (6) They are then recognized by RNA polymerase II to produce concatemers of linear genomic RNAs through a rolling circle mechanism. (7) Ribozyme activity induces the cleavage of genomic RNA concatemers into linear genomic RNA monomers. (8) Linear genomic RNAs are then circularized through an unknown ligation process. (9) Newly synthesized HDV genomic RNAs can be translocated again in the nucleolus for a new round of replication.