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Schematic representation of the mitochondrial fusion and fission processes. Mfn1 is localized in the outer membrane of mitochondria (OMM), and Mfn2 is localized both at the OMM and at the endoplasmic reticulum ER. The ER Mfn2 binds to mitochondrial Mfn1 and Mfn2, regulating ER morphology and leading to the formation of interconnected mitochondria. In the fission process, Drp1 is mobilized to the OMM from the cytosol and is localized to the sites of organelle division.
