Table 3.
Vaccine effectiveness outcomes
| Study | Design | Intervention/ control | Study population | Pertussis cases | Non-cases /controls | unadjusted effect estimate (95%CI) | adjusted effect estimate (95%CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Cases with vaccinated mothers | N | Non-cases with vaccinated mothers | ||||||||
| n | % | n | % | ||||||||
| Prevention of laboratory confirmed pertussis in infants aged 0–2 months | |||||||||||
| Amirthalingam et al., 2014 [43] | CS, screening method | dTaP-IPV/no vaccination | 26,684 | 71 | 11 | 14 | 61 | VE = 90% (82–95) | NR | ||
| Amirthalingam et al., 2016 [16] | CS, screening method | dTaP-IPV/no vaccination | 72,781 | 192 | 31 | 16 | 64 | VE = 90% (86–93) | NR | ||
| Baxter et al., 2017 [44] | CS | Tdap/no vaccination | 148,981 | 17 | 1 | 6 | 148,964 | 68,167 | 46 |
IRR = 0.08 (0.00–0.43); VE = 87% |
91% (20–99) |
| Dabrera et al., 2015 [47] | CCS | dTaP-IPV/no vaccination | 113 | 58 | 10 | 17 | 55 | 39 | 71 |
OR: 0.09 (0.03–0.23) VE = 91% (77–97) |
93% (81–97) |
| Skoff et al., 2017 [49] | CCS | Tdap/no vaccination | 775 | 240 | 17 | 7 | 535 | 90 | 17 | VE = 62% | 78% (48–90) |
| Becker-Dreps et al., 2018 [45] | CS | Tdap/no vaccination | 632,825 | 112 | 7 | 0.01 | 632,713 | 90,438 | 0.02 |
HR: 0.33 (0.12–0.90); VE: 67% |
HR: 0.54 (0.19–1.59); VE: 46% |
| Prevention of laboratory confirmed pertussis in infants aged 0–3 months | |||||||||||
| Amirthalingam et al., 2014 [43] | CS, screening method | dTaP-IPV/no vaccination | 26,684 | 82 | 12 | 15 | 62 | VE = 91% (84–95) | NR | ||
| Amirthalingam et al., 2016 [16] | CS, screening method | dTaP-IPV/no vaccination | 72,781 | 243 | 35 | 14 | 65 | VE = 91% (88–94) | NR | ||
| Bellido-Blasco et al., 2017 [46] | CCS | Tdap/no vaccination | 88 | 22 | 5 | 23 | 66 | 41 | 62 | OR: 0.08 (0.017–0.371) | 91% (57–98) |
| Saul et al., 2017 [48] | CCS | Tdap/no vaccination | 96 | 48 | 19 | 40 | 48 | 33 | 69 | OR: 0.36 = VE: 64% | 69% (13–89) |
| Prevention of hospitalization due to laboratory confirmed pertussis in infants aged 0–2 and 0–3 months, respectively (percentage of lab-confirmed cases unclear in the study by Becker-Dreps et al.) | |||||||||||
| Saul et al., 2017 [48] | CCS (age ≤ 3 months) | Tdap/no vaccination | 74 | 37 | 37 | OR: 0.16 (0.05–0.53) |
OR: 0.06 (0.01–0.41); VE: 94% (59–99) |
||||
| Skoff et al., 2017 [49] | CCS (age ≤ 2 months) | Tdap/no vaccination | 6252 | 157 | 535 | NR | 2nd trimester: 91% (25–99) 3rd trimester: 91% (65–97) | ||||
| Becker-Dreps et al., 2018 [45] | CS (age ≤ 2 months) | Tdap/no vaccination | 632,825 | 80 | 4 | 0.00 | 632,745 | 90,441 | 0.01 |
HR = 0.23 (0.06–0.96) VE: 77% |
HR = 0.34 (0.08–1.50) VE: 66% |
| Prevention of death due to laboratory confirmed pertussis in infants aged 0–3 months | |||||||||||
| Amirthalingam et al., 2016 [16] | CS, screening method | dTaP-IPV/ No vaccination | 243 | 11 | 1 | 9 | 232 | 158 | 68 | VE = 95% (79–100) | NR |
CCS case-control-study, CS cohort study, HR hazard ratio, IRR incident rate ratio, NR not reported, OR odds ratio, VE vaccine effectiveness, Tdap tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine, Tdap-IPV tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis-inactivated polio-vaccine