Table 4.
Correlations between motor proficiency subtests (scale scores) and mathematical and reading outcomes (standard scores) for total sample
| Fine motor precision | Fine motor integration | Manual dexterity | Upper limb coordination | Bilateral coordination | Balance | Running speed and agility | Strength | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mathematics composite (n = 55) | rs = .449 (.001)* | rs = .525 (<.001)* | rs = .391 (.003) | r = .274 (.043) | rs = .361 (.007) | r = .231 (.090) | r = .387 (.004) | r = .291 (.031) |
| Maths reasoning (n = 55) | rs = .449 (.001)* | rs = .530 (<.001)* | rs = .436 (.001)* | r = .233 (.087) | rs = .331 (.013) | r = .224 (.100) | r = .365 (.006) | r = .256 (.059) |
| Numerical operations (n = 55) | rs = .357 (.007) | rs = .461 (<.001)* | rs = .306 (.023) | r = .296 (.028) | rs = .331 (.014) | r = .217 (.111) | r = .380 (.004) | r = .293 (.030) |
| Reading composite (n = 54) | rs = .368 (.006) | rs = .470 (<.001)* | rs = .254 (.064) | rs = .289 (.034) | rs = .259 (.058) | rs = .163 (.240) | rs = .252 (.065) | rs = .162 (.241) |
| Pseudoword decoding (n = 54) | rs = .311 (.022) | rs = .459 (<.001)* | rs = .250 (.069) | rs = .279 (.041) | rs = .353 (.009) | rs = .156 (.261) | rs = .251 (.068) | rs = .188 (.174) |
| Word reading (n = 55) | rs = .395 (.003) | rs = .512 (<.001)* | rs = .210 (.123) | r = .301 (.026) | rs = .221 (.104) | r = .235 (.084) | r = .269 (.047) | r = .122 (.375) |
| Reading comprehension (n = 54) | rs = .301 (.027) | rs = .391 (.004) | rs = .245 (.074) | r = .214 (.120) | rs = .141 (.308) | r = .174 (.209) | r = .200 (.147) | r = .078 (.576) |
Spearman’s rho (rs) and Pearson’s (r) correlation coefficients are reported as appropriate
*p ≤ .05 (significant correlations after conducting Bonferroni correction at α = 0.05 / 56 ≈ 0.001)