Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of KNHANES surveyees aged ≥50 by AUDIT scores
| Factors / Subgroup | AUDIT scorea | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zone I | Zone II | Zone III | Zone IV | ||||||
| Total | 5220 | 1187 | 369 | 389 | |||||
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | p value | |
| Age (years)b | 62.39 ± 0.18 | 59.33 ± 0.28 | 57.82 ± 0.38 | 57.43 ± 0.38 | |||||
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | 1985 | 38.0 | 973 | 82.0 | 346 | 93.8 | 366 | 94.1 | < 0.001* |
| Female | 3235 | 62.0 | 214 | 18.0 | 23 | 6.2 | 23 | 5.9 | |
| Household income | |||||||||
| Lower quartile | 1605 | 31.1 | 290 | 24.8 | 78 | 21.2 | 78 | 20.3 | < 0.001* |
| Middle-lower quartile | 1327 | 25.7 | 309 | 26.4 | 81 | 22.1 | 102 | 26.6 | |
| Middle-upper quartile | 1111 | 21.5 | 259 | 22.1 | 85 | 23.2 | 98 | 25.5 | |
| Upper quartile | 1117 | 21.7 | 313 | 26.7 | 123 | 33.5 | 106 | 27.6 | |
| Education | |||||||||
| Elementary school graduate or lower | 2475 | 47.4 | 392 | 33.1 | 113 | 30.6 | 114 | 29.5 | < 0.001* |
| Middle school graduate or lower | 881 | 16.9 | 248 | 21.0 | 61 | 16.5 | 84 | 21.7 | |
| High school graduate or lower | 1217 | 23.4 | 366 | 31.0 | 129 | 35.0 | 127 | 32.8 | |
| College graduate or higher | 640 | 12.3 | 176 | 14.9 | 66 | 17.9 | 62 | 16.0 | |
| Occupation | |||||||||
| Managing, administrative and professional positions | 280 | 5.4 | 96 | 8.2 | 36 | 9.8 | 32 | 8.3 | < 0.001* |
| Office work | 119 | 2.3 | 50 | 4.2 | 28 | 7.6 | 25 | 6.5 | |
| Service and sales industry | 541 | 10.4 | 140 | 11.9 | 36 | 9.8 | 47 | 12.1 | |
| Agriculture and fishery | 686 | 13.2 | 191 | 16.2 | 72 | 19.6 | 70 | 18.1 | |
| Engineering and equipment and machinery operation and assembly | 312 | 5.9 | 192 | 16.3 | 68 | 18.5 | 76 | 19.6 | |
| Simple labor | 624 | 12.0 | 134 | 11.4 | 34 | 9.2 | 39 | 10.1 | |
| Unemployment (including housewives and students) | 2646 | 50.8 | 375 | 31.8 | 94 | 25.5 | 98 | 25.3 | |
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Married | 5176 | 99.2 | 1176 | 99.2 | 365 | 98.9 | 383 | 98.7 | 0.138 |
| Single | 42 | 0.8 | 10 | 0.8 | 4 | 1.1 | 5 | 1.3 | |
| Urban-rural gradient | |||||||||
| Urban area | 3840 | 73.6 | 883 | 74.4 | 270 | 73.2 | 270 | 69.4 | 0.422 |
| Rural area | 1380 | 26.4 | 304 | 25.6 | 99 | 26.8 | 119 | 30.6 | |
| Smoking status | |||||||||
| Non-smoker | 3356 | 64.3 | 315 | 26.5 | 63 | 17.1 | 56 | 14.4 | < 0.001* |
| Former smoker | 1229 | 23.6 | 464 | 39.1 | 164 | 44.4 | 162 | 41.7 | |
| Current smoker | 633 | 12.1 | 408 | 34.4 | 142 | 38.5 | 171 | 43.9 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||||||
| mean ± SD | 24.00 ± 0.06 | 24.22 ± 0.10 | 23.83 ± 0.17 | 24.08 ± 0.19 | |||||
| Underweight | 141 | 2.7 | 22 | 1.9 | 11 | 3.0 | 8 | 2.1 | 0.862 |
| Normal | 3296 | 63.3 | 721 | 61.0 | 234 | 63.6 | 238 | 61.3 | |
| Overweight | 1769 | 34.0 | 439 | 37.1 | 123 | 33.4 | 142 | 36.6 | |
| Regular exercise | |||||||||
| Yes | 458 | 8.8 | 128 | 10.8 | 38 | 10.3 | 32 | 8.2 | |
| No | 4753 | 91.2 | 1057 | 89.2 | 330 | 89.7 | 357 | 91.8 | 0.126 |
KNHANES Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; AUDIT Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test;
*Statistical significance was set as p < 0.05
a AUDIT scores are calculated as the sum of 10 items, and were categorized into Zone I (0–7), Zone II (8–15), Zone III (16–19), and Zone IV (20+)
b Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD)