Table 3.

Associations between AUDIT scores and OA prevalence of the hip joint, knee, and lumbar spine in KNHANES surveyees

Joint location	AUDIT score a	OA prevalence		Crude			p value	Age- and sex-adjusted			p value	Fully-adjustedb			p value
		No	Yes	OR	95% CI			OR	95% CI			OR	95% CI
Hip OA	Zone I	4235	45	1.00				1.00				1.00
	Zone II	929	15	1.73	0.85	3.52	0.129	1.44	0.67	3.12	0.349	1.28	0.57	2.92	0.548
	Zone III	279	1	0.49	0.06	3.69	0.484	0.39	0.05	3.01	0.368	0.41	0.05	3.21	0.398
	Zone IV	303	5	1.52	0.54	4.31	0.426	1.27	0.42	3.83	0.676	1.24	0.40	3.88	0.712
Knee OA	Zone I	2065	1866	1.00				1.00				1.00
	Zone II	547	283	0.51	0.42	0.61	< 0.001	1.07	0.86	1.32	0.555	1.00	0.80	1.26	0.978
	Zone III	172	89	0.50	0.37	0.68	< 0.001	1.48	1.03	2.12	0.032	1.46	1.03	2.09	0.036
	Zone IV	189	91	0.51	0.37	0.71	< 0.001	1.61	1.10	2.37	0.015	1.54	1.03	2.32	0.036
Lumbar spine OA	Zone I	1100	1718	1.00				1.00				1.00
	Zone II	244	307	0.68	0.55	0.85	0.001	0.93	0.71	1.22	0.596	0.87	0.66	1.16	0.355
	Zone III	72	90	0.62	0.42	0.91	0.015	1.00	0.65	1.53	0.992	0.98	0.61	1.57	0.923
	Zone IV	68	104	0.78	0.53	1.16	0.222	1.48	0.91	2.40	0.110	1.29	0.77	2.16	0.335

AUDIT Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; OA Osteoarthritis; OR Odds ratio; CI Confidence interval

^*Statistical significance was set as p < 0.05

^a AUDIT scores are calculated as the sum of 10 items, and were categorized into Zone I (0–7), Zone II (8–15), Zone III (16–19), and Zone IV (20+)

^b Fully-adjusted: adjusted for age, sex, income level, educational level, occupation, marital status, residential area, smoking status, body mass index, and physical activity