Table 2.
The effect of reaction medium on lignin conversion.
| Solvent | Catalyst | Conversion of lignin (%) | Yield of phenolic monomer (%) | References | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phenol | Guaiacol | Syringol | Others | ||||
| CH3OHa | MgO | 90.7 | 0.25 | 1.36 | 1.19 | 6.46 | Long et al., 2014 |
| C2H5OHa | MgO | 84.5 | 0.25 | 1.42 | 1.24 | 5.54 | Long et al., 2014 |
| C2H5OH/H2Oa | MgO | 92.5 | 0.82 | 1.58 | 1.32 | 7.52 | Long et al., 2014 |
| THFa | MgO | 97.5 | 0.75 | 2.81 | 1.45 | 7.79 | Long et al., 2014 |
| H2Oa | MgO | 42.3 | 0.23 | 0.70 | 0.52 | 0.74 | Long et al., 2014 |
| H2O/THFb | Na2CO3 | – | 7.4 | 5.2 | 6.0 | 4.8 | Jiang et al., 2016 |
| H2O/THFc | Na2CO3 | – | 5.6 | 4.9 | 12.2 | 4.2 | Jiang et al., 2016 |
| THF | – | – | 6.5 | 2.79 | 1.01 | 1.39 | Jiang et al., 2014 |
a
Condition: solvent 40 mL, MgO 3.0 mmol, and lignin 0.5 g, 250°C, 30 min.
b
In step-one: Na2CO3 was introduced into 100 mL solvent (H2O/THF: 3:7, v/v), 140°C.
c
In step-one: Na2CO3 was introduced to 100 mL solvent (H2O/THF: 5:5, v/v), 140°C.