Table 3. Resilience measure found in the literature review and complementary papers.

Key	Indicator	Measure/proxy	Requires	Resilience	Narrative
FI	Fisher information	Stability	Time series	More stable ecosystem are more resilient and according to Cabezas et al. (2005) for a system to be resilient, after a disturbance the FI values prior to it must be recovered	Perturbations
Div	Diversity	Optional/use of resource space.	Presence field data	In general to greater diversity, greater resilience. But there are exceptions related to changes of composition and use of resources	Properties
Co	Network conectance	Stability	Knowing the networks and being able to quantify the intensity of the connections, Gustavson proposes ways to deal with the lack of information about it	Increase in the number of connections dissipates the effect of variation in distribution of species and enhances stability species	Properties
Omn	Presence of omnivore species	Communication between different scales	Presence of omnivore species	Presence of omnivore species enhance stability and resilience	Properties
NC	Network criticality	Balance between robustness (strong Interactions) and adaptability (Weak Interactions).	Knowing the networks and being able to quantify the intensity of the connections, Gustavson proposes ways to deal with the lack of information about it	Observations show that ecosystems are more resilient when there is a good balance between the number of strong and weak connections	Properties
L-VC	Lotka–Volterra Coefficients	Given a community matrix, if all the real parts of its eigenvalues are negative the ecosystem is stable	Community matrix	More stable ecosystem are more resilient	Complexity
As	Ascendency	Mean mutual information	Given a network of interactions (i.e., trophic network) it measures how well, on average, the network articulates a flow event between any two nodes	Capture in a single index the ability of an ecosystem to prevail against disturbance by virtue of its combined organization and size	Properties
Lévy	Lévy flights	Scaling coefficient of foraging patterns for key species such as puma or jaguar	It is a proxy of resources spatial complexity	It has been shown that Lévy flights foraging patterns are related and enhance ecosystems resilience	Complexity
Frac	Fractality	Spatial complexity	High resolution satellite images	More complex ecosystems should be more resilient.	Complexity
AF	Antifragility	Change in the complexity of a biotic (i.e., trophic) network, in the face of disturbances	Network of interactions, can be a Boolean network of co-occurrences of a key species such as puma or jaguar with its prey for example	Resilience would be an intermediate state between fragility and antifragility	Perturbations
H	Homeostasis	System homeostasis	Time series	Equivalent of resilience	Complexity