Figure 1.

The peritoneal microbiome results from the uterine and upper-genital tract microbiome and the gut microbiome. The peritoneal microbiome can cause endometriosis by inducing genetic epigenetic incidents either directly or by increasing the oxidative stress. The peritoneal microbiome also can increase endometriosis growth through growth factors and immunologic changes. This explains why the gut microbiome, which is influenced by food intake and exercise, can influence the induction and growth of endometriosis, besides many other effects.