Table 1.
Characteristics of Patient Cohort (n=157,551)
| Age (years) | 68.1±11.7 |
| Male sex | 57.2% |
| White race | 84.6% |
| Insurance status | |
| Private | 84.4% |
| Public | 15.0% |
| None | 0.3% |
| Other | 0.3% |
| Body mass index | |
| <30 kg/m2 | 40.1% |
| 30 to <40 kg/m2 | 46.1% |
| ≥40 kg/m2 | 13.8% |
| Hypertension | 87.4% |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129.8±17.3 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73.5±10.6 |
| Dyslipidemia | 87.6% |
| Tobacco use | |
| Never | 50.2% |
| Current | 14.5% |
| Former | 35.3% |
| Coronary artery disease | 56.2% |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 13.8% |
| Prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery | 13.4% |
| Prior stroke | 12.1% |
| Peripheral artery disease | 18.7% |
| Heart failure | 24.5% |
| Atrial fibrillation | 22.0% |
| Chronic kidney disease | 11.8% |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate | |
| <30 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 4.5% |
| 30 to <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 35.0% |
| ≥60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 60.5% |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.7±2.0 |
| Number of glucose-lowering medications | 1.9±1.2 |
| Use of individual glucose-lowering medications | |
| Metformin | 75.1% |
| Sulfonylurea | 34.4% |
| Insulin | 27.7% |
| Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor | 18.3% |
| Thiazolidinedione | 10.9% |
| Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist | 6.4% |
| Sodium-glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor | 4.8% |