Table 1.
Summary Statistics of Childhood Circumstance Variables
| Domain | Variable Description | N | (1) Whole Sample |
N | (2) Sample with no missing child circumstances |
(3) Diff (1)-(2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic factors | Gender (1: male; 0: female) | (8585) | 0: 50.0%; 1: 50.0% | (7462) | 0: 50.6%; 1: 49.4% | 0.31 |
| Ethnicity (1: Han; 0: minority) | (7827) | 0: 6.9%; 1: 93.1% | (7462) | 0: 6.7%; 93.3% | 0.67 | |
| Birth year | (8585) | Mean: 1944; Std: 6.9 Min: 1916; Max: 1953 |
(7462) | Mean: 1945; Std: 6.4 Min: 1916; Max: 1953 |
0.00 | |
| War | Born in the Anti-Japan War era (1937-1945) (1: Yes; 0: No) | (8585) | 0: 68.7%; 1: 31.3% | (7462) | 0: 68.5%; 1: 31.5% | 0.83 |
| Born in the Civil War era (1946-1949) (1: Yes; 0: No) | (8585) | 0: 75.9%; 1: 24.1% | (7462) | 0: 74.8%; 1: 25.2% | 0.11 | |
| Parents’ health status and health behaviors | Parents’ health condition (1: long time in bed; 0: None) | (8585) | 0: 82.9%; 1: 17.1% | (7462) | 0: 81.9%; 1: 18.1% | 0.09 |
| Father has drinking problem (1: alcoholism; 0: None) | (8585) | 0: 94.2%; 1: 5.8% | (7462) | 0: 94.0%; 1: 6.0% | 0.57 | |
| Mother smokes (1: Yes; 0: None) | (8585) | 0: 90.1%; 1: 9.9% | (7462) | 0: 89.1%; 1: 10.9% | 0.03 | |
| Father smokes (1: Yes; 0: None) | (8585) | 0: 57.9%; 1: 42.1% | (7462) | 0: 55.4%; 1: 44.6% | 0.00 | |
| Father’s longevity (1: non-response; 0: others) | (8585) | 0: 76.4%; 1: 23.6% | (7462) | 0: 80.0%; 1: 20.0% | 0.00 | |
| Father’s longevity (1: alive; 0: others) | (8585) | 0: 97.1%; 1: 2.9% | (7462) | 0: 96.9%; 1: 3.1% | 0.23 | |
| Father’s longevity (1: low longevity; 0: others) | (8585) | 0: 64.0%; 1: 36.0% | (7462) | 0: 62.4%; 1: 37.6% | 0.04 | |
| Father’s longevity (1: high longevity; 0: others) | (8585) | 0: 62.5%; 1: 37.5% | (7462) | 0: 60.7%; 1: 39.3% | 0.02 | |
| Mother’s longevity (1: non-response; 0: others) | (8585) | 0: 79.6%; 1: 20.4% | (7462) | 0: 82.9%; 1: 17.1% | 0.00 | |
| Mother’s longevity (1: alive; 0: others) | (8585) | 0: 92.2%; 1: 7.8% | (7462) | 0: 91.7%; 1: 8.3% | 0.22 | |
| Mother’s longevity (1: low longevity; 0: others) | (8585) | 0: 66.4%; 1: 33.6% | (7462) | 0: 65.5%; 1: 34.5% | 0.20 | |
| Mother’s longevity (1: high longevity; 0: others) | (8585) | 0: 61.8%; 1: 38.2% | (7462) | 0: 60.0%; 1: 40.0% | 0.02 | |
| Health and nutrition conditions in Childhood | Self-reported health status before age 15 (1: much healthier; 2: somewhat healthier; 3: about average; 4: some less healthy; 5: much less healthy) | (8469) | 1: 15.3%; 2: 19.3%; 3: 52.4%;4: 7.9%; 5: 5.2% | (7462) | 1: 15.6%; 2: 19.4%; 3: 52.4%;4: 7.7%; 5: 5.0% | 0.41 |
| Ever experience hunger (1: No; 2: yes after age 5; 3: yes before age 5) | (8348) | 1: 23.6%; 2: 45.7%; 3: 30.7% | (7462) | 1: 22.9%; 2: 47.3%; 3: 29.8% | 0.79 | |
| Access to health care | Received vaccination before age 15 (1: Yes; 0: No) | (8418) | 0: 78.7%; 1: 21.3% | (7462) | 0: 80.0%; 1: 20.0% | 0.06 |
| When ill, first visited general/specialized hospital or township clinics? (1: Yes; 0: No) | (8585) | 0: 71.9%; 1: 28.1% | (7462) | 0: 71.2%; 1: 28.8% | 0.34 | |
| When ill, first visited community health centers/private clinics? (1: Yes; 0: No) | (8585) | 0: 74.2%; 25.8% | (7462) | 0: 73.9%; 1: 26.1% | 0.67 | |
| Regional and urban/rural status | Rural or urban status at birth (0: rural; 1: urban) | (8481) | 0: 90.1%; 1: 9.9% | (7462) | 0: 90.2%; 1: 9.8% | 0.86 |
| Eastern China (1: Yes; 0: No) | (8585) | 0: 73.2%; 1: 26.8% | (7462) | 0: 73.0%; 1: 27.0% | 0.70 | |
| Central China (1: Yes; 0: No) | (8585) | 0: 61.1%; 1: 38.9% | (7462) | 0: 61.8%; 1: 38.2% | 0.40 | |
| Western China (1: Yes; 0: No) | (8585) | 0: 75.6%; 1: 24.4% | (7462) | 0: 75.3%; 1: 24.7% | 0.66 | |
| Family socioeconomic status | Parents political status (1: any party member; 0: No) | (8585) | 0: 93.1%; 1: 6.9% | (7462) | 0: 92.8%; 1: 7.2% | 0.54 |
| Mother’s education (1: literate; 0: illiterate) | (8585) | 0: 94.8%; 1: 5.2% | (7462) | 0: 94.5%; 1: 5.5% | 0.41 | |
| Father’s education (1: literate; 0: illiterate) | (8585) | 0: 68.5%; 1: 31.5% | (7462) | 0: 67.4%; 1: 32.6% | 0.11 | |
| Family financial status (1: a lot better; 2: somewhat better; 3: same as; 4: somewhat worse; 5: a lot worse) | (8484) | 1: 1.2%; 2:8.1%; 3: 50.0%; 4: 15.3%; 5: 25.6% | (7462) | 1: 1.3%; 2:8.0%; 3: 50.4%; 4: 15.4%; 5: 25.0% | 0.62 | |
| House type at birth (1: concrete; 2 adobe; 3 wood or others) | (8552) | 1: 12.3%; 2: 58.6%; 3: 29.1% | (7462) | 1: 12.2%; 2: 58.6%; 3: 29.2% | 0.90 | |
| Relationship with parents | Relationship with parents (1: excellent; 2: very good; 3: good; 4: fair; 5: poor) | (7883) | 1: 27.0%; 2: 28.8%; 3: 20.1%; 4: 22.0%; 5: 2.1% | (7462) | 1: 27.0%; 2: 28.8%; 3: 20.0%; 4: 22.0%; 5: 2.2% | 0.95 |
| Father ever hit you (1: often/somewhat; 0: rarely/never) | (8585) | 0: 86.5%; 1: 13.5% | (7462) | 0: 86.1%; 1: 13.9% | 0.47 | |
| Mother ever hit you (1: often/somewhat; 0: rarely/never) | (8585) | 0: 79.3%; 1: 20.7% | (7462) | 0: 77.4%; 1: 22.6% | 0.00 | |
| Friendship in childhood | Self-rated neighborhood willingness to help (1: very/somewhat, 0: not very/not at all) | (8585) | 0: 12.2%; 1: 87.8% | (7462) | 0: 12.1%; 1: 87.9% | 0.23 |
| Did you have a good friend (1: yes; 0: no) | (8217) | 0: 56.2%; 1: 43.8% | (7462) | 0: 55.7%; 1: 44.3% | 0.57 |
Notes: Column 3 displays the tests p-values between variables in the whole sample (column 1) and the sample with no missing data on any circumstances variables (column 2, N=7,462).