TABLE 1:
Demographic Characteristics of the Subgroups With Different Medication Patterns
| Group | LNCG | ADHD | Negligible | Inconsistent | Consistent |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assessed in adulthood (n)a | 258 | 568 | 141 | 374 | 53 |
| Age at Assessment (years) | 24.4 | 24.8 | 24.9 | 24.8 | 24.9 |
| Age at baseline (years)b | 10.4 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 8.4 |
| Sex (% male) | 80 | 78 | 80 | 77 | 83 |
| Birth Weight (kg) | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 |
| Race / Ethnicity | |||||
| (% Caucasian) | 66.4 | 62.7 | 52.7 | 64.9 | 74.3 |
| (% Black) | 11.2 | 19.4 | 27.7 | 17.1 | 14.3 |
| (% Hispanic) | 12.9 | 7.6 | 9.8 | 7.6 | 0.0 |
| (% Other) | 9.5 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 10.4 | 11.4 |
| Intelligence (IQ)c | 110 | 102 | 103 | 101 | 105 |
| Household Income($10K)c | 5.9 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 6.6 |
| Household Advantage (%)d | |||||
| 1 | 13 | 20 | 27 | 18 | 9 |
| 2 | 39 | 40 | 38 | 43 | 20 |
| 3 | 48 | 40 | 35 | 39 | 71 |
Note: ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; LNCG = local normative comparison group
Number of participants with at least one observation of height and the paired SCAPI.
Baseline for the LNCG obtained 2 years after the baseline for the ADHD subgroups.
IQ and Income were higher in the LNCG than in ADHD group, but based on precedent (see Barkley et al, 2008 and Sibley et al, 2012), they were not included as covariates.
Composite household advantage developed by Molina et al. (2012) with three levels (1: one-parent household and no college-educated parent; 2: either two-parent household or at least one college-educated parent; 3: two-parent family and at least one college educated parent) was greater for the Consistent subgroup.
ADHD=Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder; Consistent=Subgroup that took medication at least 50% of days in all assessment intervals; Inconsistent=subgroup that took medication less than 50% of days in at least one assessment interval; LNCG=local normative Comparison Group; negligible=subgroup that took medication < 50% of days in all assessment intervals.