Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 123 patients in the study, according to presence and type of leprosy reaction.
| Characteristics | n (%) | Leprosy reaction |
p* | Leprosy reaction Type 1 |
p* | Leprosy reaction Type 2 |
p* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Absent | Present | Absent | Present | Absent | ||||||
| Clinical form | Tuberculoid | 25 (20.3) | 0 (0.0) | 25 (100.0) | <0.001 | 0 (0.0) | 25 (100.0) | <0.001 | 0 (0.0) | 25 (100.0) | <0.001 |
| Borderline | 56 (45.5) | 56 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 56 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 56 (100.0) | ||||
| Lepromatous | 42 (44.2) | 42 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 42 (100.0) | 42 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||||
| WHO Classification | Paucibacillary | 13 (10.6) | 0 (0.0) | 13 (100.0) | <0.001 | 0 (0.0) | 13 (100.0) | <0.001 | 0 (0.0) | 13 (100.0) | 0.006 |
| Multibacillary | 110 (89.4) | 98 (89.1) | 12 (10.9) | 56 (50.9) | 54 49.1) | 42 (38.2) | 68 (61.8) | ||||
| Microscopy | Negative | 17 (16.4) | 12 (70.6) | 5 (29.4) | 0.012 | 12 (70.6) | 5 (29.4) | 0.052 | 0 (0.0) | 17 (100.0) | <0.001 |
| Positive | 87 (83.6) | 80 (92.0) | 7 (8.0) | 39 (44.8) | 48 (55.2) | 41 (47.1) | 46 (52.9) | ||||
| Bacilloscopic Index∗ | < 3.0 | 46 (44.2) | 27 (93.1) | 2 (6.9) | 0.780 | 20 (69.0) | 9 (31.0) | 0.001 | 7 (24.1) | 22 (75.9) | 0.002 |
| ≥ 3.0 | 58 (55.8) | 53 (91.4) | 5 (8.6) | 19 (32.8) | 39 (67.2) | 34 (58.6) | 24 (41.4) | ||||
| Sex | Male | 91 (26.0) | 77 (84.6) | 14 (15.4) | 0.022 | 12 (37.5) | 20 (62.5) | 0.289 | 9 (28.1) | 23 (71.9) | 0.404 |
| Female | 32 (74.0) | 21 (65.6) | 11 (34.4) | 44 (48.4) | 47 (51.6) | 33 (36.3) | 58 (63.7) | ||||
| Color | White | 52 (42.3) | 39 (75.0) | 13 (25.0) | 0.270 | 25 (48.1) | 27 (51.9) | 0.627 | 14 (26.9) | 38 (73.1) | 0.148 |
| Non white | 71 (57.7) | 59 (83.1) | 12 (16.9) | 31 (43.7) | 40 (56.3) | 28 (39.4) | 43 (60.6) | ||||
| Age (years) | 18–30 | 29 (23.6) | 23 (79.3) | 6 (20.7) | 0.998 | 10 (34.5) | 19 (65.5) | 0.099 | 13 (44.8) | 16 (55.2) | 0.089 |
| 31–50 | 59 (48.0) | 47 (79.7) | 12 (20.3) | 25 (42.4) | 34 (57.6) | 22 (37.3) | 37 (62.7) | ||||
| > 50 | 45 (28.4) | 28 (80.0) | 17 (20.0) | 21 (60.0) | 14 (40.0) | 7 (20.0) | 28 (80.0) | ||||
| MDT Treatment | New | 37 (30.1) | 24 (64.9) | 13 (35.1) | <0.001 | 20 (54.0) | 17 (46.0) | 0.153 | 4 (10.8) | 33 (80.2) | <0.001 |
| Current | 45 (36.6) | 33 (73.3) | 12 (26.7) | 23 (51.1) | 22 (48.9) | 28 (62.2) | 17 (37.8) | ||||
| Previous | 41 (33.3) | 41 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (34.1) | 27 (65.9) | 10 (24.4) | 31 (75.6) | ||||
∗
n = 87; WHO: World Health Organization; MDT: multi-drug therapy for leprosy. *: Pearson´s chi-square test.