Table 1.
The use of the Bandura’s self-efficacy theory in the intervention
Sources of self-efficacy | Methods | Descriptions |
---|---|---|
Enactive mastery experiences: It serves as the indicator of ability. | -Monitoring the heartbeat; -Holding weekly sessions with patients; -Making phone calls to patients |
. Description of walking experiences by patients; . Reinforcing positive experiences and minimizing negative ones; . Monitoring the heartbeat . Holding sessions with patients and asking them to express their success to reach goals; . Asking patients to document their success on a daily basis so that they can monitor their own success within 10 days; . Making phone calls to patients and asking them to express their feelings and encouraging them to continue walking exercise; . Observing the success trend in the walking program by patients. |
Verbal persuasion: It encourages the possession of certain abilities. | Providing information to patients; Providing brief recommendations for patients using the face to face method |
. Verbal enhancement of the good functioning in the exercise program; . Explaining the walking program in written and verbally consisting of warming up, gradual increase of intensity, frequency and period over time; . Encouraging patients regularly. |
Vicarious experiences: They alter self-efficacy through transmission of competencies and comparison with the achievements of others, which are provided by social role models. |
Story telling/role modeling | . Storytelling of various cancer cases, for example, the story of a patient with leukemia who, by doing the exercise experienced a better quality of life and less physical, social, and psychological symptoms; . Expressing the benefits of exercise. |
Emotional/physical arousal: Relying partly on physiological and affective statues for judging abilities. | Making phone calls Holding sessions | . Having a friendly relationship with patients and making phone calls and encouraging them to express their emotional and physical conditions; . Answering patients questions and providing adequate information about leukemia and the benefits of exercise to reduce their symptoms. |