Table 2.
Results of Univariable and Multivariable Analyses for Predictors of Disease-free Survival
| Crude HR [95% CI] | p-value | Adjusted HR [95% CI] | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumor site | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Major salivary gland | 1 | 1 | ||
| Nasal cavity | 1.29 [0.38, 4.28] | 0.67 | 0.26 [0.02, 2.51] | 0.24 |
| Oral cavity | 2.27 [0.78, 6.57] | 0.13 | 5.46 [1.56, 19.15] | 0.008 |
| Oropharynx | 1.81 [0.43, 7.69] | 0.41 | 2.65 [0.49, 14.21] | 0.25 |
| Larynx | 24.57 [7.50, 80.47] | <0.001 | 60.33 [11.61, 313.46] | <0.001 |
| Paranasal sinus | 3.98 [1.71, 9.28] | 0.001 | 3.94 [1.24, 12.44] | 0.01 |
| Histology | 0.01 | 0.45 | ||
| ACC | 1 | 1 | ||
| MEC | 0.28 [0.10, 0.74] | 0.01 | 0.48 [0.09, 2.54] | 0.39 |
| Salivary duct carcinoma | 1.34 [0.51, 3.52] | 0.55 | 1.27 [0.24, 6.49] | 0.77 |
| CEPA | 1.05 [0.24, 4.51] | 0.94 | 2.68 [0.48, 14.78] | 0.25 |
| Adenocarcinoma | 1.56 [0.59, 4.16] | 0.36 | 1.76 [0.42, 7.41] | 0.43 |
| Other | 0.28 [0.09, 0.81] | 0.02 | 0.50 [0.12, 2.08] | 0.34 |
| Tumor diameter | 0.02 | 0.11 | ||
| ≤ 3 cm | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 3 cm | 2.03 [1.10, 3.77] | 0.02 | 1.98 [0.85, 4.59] | 0.11 |
| Tumor differentiation | 0.002 | 0.02 | ||
| Well and moderately | 1 | 1 | ||
| Poorly | 29.57 [3.76, 232.19] | 0.001 | 23.50 [2.30, 239.49] | 0.008 |
| Undetermined | 12.33 [1.68, 90.24] | 0.013 | 7.42 [0.71, 76.63] | 0.09 |
| Nodal stage | 0.25 | 0.48 | ||
| N0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| N1 | 1.76 [0.68, 4.50] | 0.23 | 0.82 [0.18, 3.76] | 0.80 |
| N2 | 1.79 [0.75, 4.27] | 0.18 | 2.15 [0.46, 10.06] | 0.32 |
| Lymphovascular invasion | 0.02 | 0.34 | ||
| Absent | 1 | 1 | ||
| Present | 2.24 [1.13, 4.45] | 0.02 | 1.64 [0.58, 4.63] | 0.34 |
| Perineural invasion | 0.001 | 0.04 | ||
| Absent | 1 | 1 | ||
| Present | 2.68 [1.49, 4.85] | 0.001 | 2.39 [1.02, 5.59] | 0.04 |
| Surgical margin | 0.52 | 0.73 | ||
| R0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| R1 | 1.82 [0.68, 4.83] | 0.22 | 2.01 [0.57, 6.99] | 0.27 |
| Close margin | 1.37 [0.48, 3.90] | 0.54 | 1.46 [0.43, 4.85] | 0.53 |
| GTR | 2.11 [0.66, 6.67] | 0.20 | 1.74 [0.28, 10.90] | 0.55 |
| Treatment | 0.35 | 0.02 | ||
| Radiation alone | 1 | 1 | ||
| Chemoradiation | 1.35 [0.71, 2.55] | 0.35 | 0.29 [0.10, 0.86] | 0.02 |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ACC, adenoid cystic carcinoma; MEC, mucoepidermoid carcinoma; CEPA, carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma; GTR, gross tumor removal with undetermined microscopic margin; R0, clear margin; R1, microscopic residual tumor; Close margin, distance from tumor to resected margin less than 0.5 cm