Table 3.
Results of Univariable and Multivariable Analyses for Predictors of Overall Survival
| Crude HR [95% CI] | p-value | Adjusted HR [95% CI] | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumor site | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Major salivary gland | 1 | 1 | ||
| Nasal cavity | 1.98 [0.57, 6.81] | 0.27 | 0.62 [0.05, 7.44] | 0.71 |
| Oral cavity | 2.50 [0.72, 8.63] | 0.14 | 21.23 [3.56, 126.64] | 0.001 |
| Oropharynx | 3.39 [0.77, 14.85] | 0.10 | 20.49 [2.59, 161.71] | 0.004 |
| Larynx | 22.93 [5.95, 88.29] | <0.001 | 187.06 [22.09, 1583.6] | <0.001 |
| Paranasal sinus | 3.04 [0.87, 10.57] | 0.08 | 4.97 [0.74, 32.98] | 0.09 |
| Histology | 0.20 | 0.29 | ||
| ACC | 1 | 1 | ||
| MEC | 0.67 [0.23, 1.91] | 0.45 | 1.99 [0.24, 16.33] | 0.52 |
| Salivary duct carcinoma | 2.10 [0.67, 6.54] | 0.19 | 4.15 [0.52, 32.79] | 0.17 |
| CEPA | 3.21 [0.69, 14.96] | 0.13 | 11.76 [1.48, 93.38] | 0.02 |
| Adenocarcinoma | 2.40 [0.65, 8.83] | 0.18 | 4.66 [0.55, 39.34] | 0.15 |
| Other | 0.75 [0.24, 2.37] | 0.63 | 2.55 [0.43, 15.00] | 0.30 |
| Tumor size | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||
| ≤ 3 cm | 1 | 1 | ||
| > 3 cm | 2.51 [1.15, 5.48] | 3.8 [1.16, 12.38] | 0.02 | |
| Tumor differentiation | 0.002 | 0.005 | ||
| Well and moderately | 1 | 1 | ||
| Poorly | 21.01 [2.60, 169.49] | 0.004 | 64.42 [4.56, 908.20] | 0.002 |
| Unknown | 6.59 [0.88, 49.04] | 0.06 | 11.03 [0.65, 184.95] | 0.09 |
| Nodal stage | 0.06 | 0.34 | ||
| N0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| N1 | 2.40 [0.82, 7.02] | 0.10 | 0.61 [0.09, 3.96] | 0.61 |
| N2 | 2.67 [0.99, 7.16] | 0.05 | 2.71 [0.50, 14.53] | 0.24 |
| Lymphovascular invasion | 0.32 | 0.43 | ||
| Absent | 1 | 1 | ||
| Present | 1.56 [0.63, 3.84] | 0.32 | 1.71 [0.43, 6.74] | 0.43 |
| Perineural invasion | 0.41 | 0.27 | ||
| Absent | 1 | 1 | ||
| Present | 1.35 [0.65, 2.79] | 0.41 | 1.81 [0.62, 5.31] | 0.27 |
| Margin status | 0.74 | 0.36 | ||
| R0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| R1 | 1.37 [0.44, 4.20] | 0.58 | 4.12 [0.76, 22.09] | 0.09 |
| Close | 1.19 [0.35, 3.95] | 0.77 | 3.62 [0.78, 16.76] | 0.10 |
| GTR | 1.98 [0.52, 7.45] | 0.31 | 4.96 [0.30, 79.89] | 0.25 |
| Treatment | 0.92 | 0.003 | ||
| Radiation alone | 1 | 1 | ||
| Chemoradiation | 1.04 [0.44, 2.46] | 0.92 | 0.08 [0.01, 0.43] | 0.003 |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ACC, adenoid cystic carcinoma; MEC, mucoepidermoid carcinoma; CEPA, carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma; GTR, gross tumor removal with undetermined microscopic margin; R0, clear margin; R1, microscopic residual tumor; Close margin, distance from the tumor to the resected margin less than 0.5 cm