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. 2020 Feb 14;11:891. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14747-6

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a XRD patterns of perovskite films; diffraction peaks from the ITO substrate are marked as ♦. Cross-sectional HRTEM images of (b) the FAPbI₃ control film and (c) the 1.0 DDS film. The measured lattice spacings (10 fringes for each pair of markers) match well with the cubic α-phase FAPbI₃ structure. The scale bars for (b) and (c) are 5 nm. d Absorption and PL spectra and e time-correlated single-photon counting spectra (recorded at a fluence of 0.13 μJ cm⁻²) of perovskite films. f XRD intensity of the (100) diffraction peak of perovskite films (inset: photographs of the fresh and aged perovskite films).