Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Feb 14;10:2668. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59404-6

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

TEM observations showing the impact of PEF and mechanical compressions on 7-day stressed C. reinhardtii cells. (a) Control; the integrity of the membrane and cell wall (left image) and chloroplast (right image) can be observed, (b) cells submitted to reversible electroporation (5.5 kV∙cm⁻¹, 5 µs); both images show the structural impact on the chloroplasts, (c) cells submitted to reversible (left image) and irreversible (right image) electroporation (7 kV∙cm⁻¹, 5 µs), (d) cells submitted to irreversible electroporation; a pore on the membrane can be seen, (e) cells submitted to the pretreatment combining reversible electroporation and mechanical compressions. CW: Cell wall; L: lipid droplets; S: Starch; Chl: Chloroplast; Mb: Plasma membrane; EM: Extracellular Medium³⁴.