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. 2020 Feb 14;10:2628. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59575-2

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The schematic of the experimental setup with replicas of the excitation pulse and the laser threshold. (a) The ORL is pumped by a ns laser with a stripe pump geometry. The random laser emission is recorded using a fiber coupled spectrometer. The inset shows the optical microscope image of a portion of the dye-filled ORL, where the white dots are the scatterers of random sizes. (b) Temporal profiles of the pump pulse (100 shots) used to excite the ORL are shown. The pump profiles are nearly identical due to small fluctuations. Standard deviations of 1.04% confirm the replica nature of the pump, which is a necessary condition to replicate the experiment. (c) ORL emission vs input fluence is plotted, which demonstrates the typical laser threshold behavior. ORL threshold is obtained at P_th = 433.04 mJ/cm².