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. 2020 Feb 14;10:2634. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59462-w

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of osmotic pressure on MMP-2 and MMP-9 production by GBM adherent and neurosphere cells. (a) Conditioned media of cells exposed to control (285 mOsmol/kg) hyper (440 or 360 mOsmol/kg) or hypoosmotic stress (260 mOsmol/kg) were analysed by gelatin zymography. (b) Densitometric quantitation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 produced in the conditioned medium. (c) Effect of osmotic pressure on MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression. All results are expressed as mean ± SEM of n = 3 independent experiments, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, one way ANOVA analysis with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test.