The typical morphology and chemical properties of selenium-nanoparticles-loaded chitosan/chitooligosaccharide microparticles (SeNPs-CS/COS-Ms). (A) An SEM image of SeNPs-CS/COS-Ms. (B) The size distribution of SeNPs-CS/COS-Ms in ethanol (upper) and in water (lower). (C) An SEM image of SeNPs-CS/COS-Ms after ultrasonic disruption in absolute ethanol. (D–E) SEM images of SeNPs-CS/COS-Ms at different magnifications, exactly (D) 16,000× and (E) 50,000×, after ultrasonic disruption in 50% ethanol. (F) FTIR spectra of bare SeNPs, CS/COS, and SeNPs-CS/COS-Ms. (G–I) XPS results, including (G) wide-range XPS patterns, (H) Se 3d scan XPS patterns composed of Se 3d3 and Se 3d5 signals, and (I) Se 3p scan XPS patterns. In Panel (E), smaller arrows indicate CS-SeNP nanobeads, while the bigger one represents the linear CS structure.