Table 1.

Natural gums and their properties.

Gum Type	Monosaccharid Composition	Main Chain	Molecular Weight (kDa)	References
Larch gum	Arabinose, galactose	Arabinogalactan	100–120	[69]
Guar gum	Mannose, galactose	Galactomannan	220–250	[70,71]
Locust bean gum	Mannose, galactose	Galactomannan	310	[71,72]
Tara gum	Mannose, galactose	Galactomannan	500	[73]
Cashew gum	Mannose, galactose, glucoronic acid	Galactan	180	[73,74]
Fenugreek seed gum	Mannose, galactose	Mannan	30	[75,76]
Tamarind gum	Glucose, galactose, xylose	Glucan	52.4	[77,78]
Flaxseed gum	Glucose, xylose, galactose, rhamnose	Xylan	285	[79]
Quince seed gum	Galactose, arabinose, xylose	Galactan	150	[69,80]
Gum arabic	Galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, glucoronic acid, 4-O-methylglucoronic acid	Galactan	250–600	[70,81]
Gum karaya	D-galactose, L-rhamnose, D-galacturonic acid	Galactan	9500	[72]
Gum tragacanth	D-galactose, L-fucose, D-xylose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose	Galactan	840	[73]
Gum ghatti	L-arabinose, D-galactose, D-mannose, D-xylose, D-glucuronic acid	Galactan	12,000	[73,82]
Corn fiber gum	D-xylose, L-arabinose, galactose, glucose, D-glucuronic acid	Xylan	278–394	[76]
Sesbania gum	Mannose, galactose	Galactomannan	241.5–357	[76,83]
Cassia tora gum	Mannose, galactose	Galactomannan	200–300	[84]
Guar gum	Mannose, galactose	Galactomannan	100–200	[12]
Welan gum	L-mannose, L-rhamnose, D-glucose, D-glucuronic acid		100	[85]
Gellan gum	D-glucoronic acid, D-glucose, L-rhamnose		500–2000	[81,86,87]
Xanthan Gum	D-mannose, D-glucose, Pyruvate	D-glucose	2000 to 20,000	[81,88,89]
Tamarind seed gum	D-xylopyranose, D-galactopyranosyl, D-xylpyranose, glucose	D-glucan	115–2500	[90,91,92]
Bael gum	D-galactose, L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, and D-galacturonic	Xyloglucan		[93]
Carrageenan		D-galactose	100–1000	[81]