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. 2020 Jan 4;10(1):23. doi: 10.3390/metabo10010023

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Cytokinin biosynthetic and catabolic pathways. Enzymes in blue are known and have been identified in kiwifruit; enzymes in grey are unknown and/or not identified in kiwifruit. Modified from [28,29]. βGLU, β-glucosidase; CK, cytokinin; CK-N-GT, cytokinin N-glucosyltransferase; CKX, cytokinin dehydrogenase; CYP735A, cytokinin hydroxylase; cZ, cis-zeatin; cZR, cZ riboside; cZRM(/D/T)P, cZ nucleotides; DMAPP, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate; DZ, dihydrozeatin; DZR, DZ, riboside; DZRM(/D/T)P, DZ nucleotides; HMGR, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase; iP, N⁶-(Δ²-isopentenyl)adenine; iPR, iP riboside; iPRM(/D/T)P, iP nucleotides; IPT, adenosine phosphate-isopentenyltransferase; MEP, methylerythritol phosphate pathway; LOG, LONELY GUY (cytokinin riboside 5’-monophosphate phosphoribohydrolase); MVA, mevalonate pathway; tRNA, transfer RNA; tZ, trans-zeatin; tZR, tZ riboside; tZRM(/D/T)P, tZ nucleotides; ZOG, zeatin O-glucosyltransferase.