| ED-1 | macrophage/monocyte |
| ER stress | endoplasmic reticulum stress |
| ESRD | end stage renal disease |
| GN | glomerulonephritis |
| HIF-1α | hypoxia induced factor-1α |
| HMSCs | hypoxic-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells |
| MSCs | mesenchymal stem cells |
| NF-kB | nuclear factor kappa B |
| Nrf2 | nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| TUNEL | terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated digoxigenin-deoxyuridine nick-end labeling |
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