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. 2019 Dec 23;10(1):11. doi: 10.3390/metabo10010011

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The relative mRNA expression levels of CTR1 (a), ATOX1 (b), ATP7A (c), ASCT2 (d), and PepT1 (e) in IPEC-J2 cells. Cells were treated with CuSO₄, Cu-Gly, and Cu-Pro at the concentrations of 30 and 120 μM for 10 h. β-actin was used as the reference gene. The results were normalized to the gene expression in control conditions. Data represent mean values ± standard deviation (n = 3). Significant differences between processing groups are represented by different lowercase letters (p < 0.05).

The relative mRNA expression levels of CTR1 (a), ATOX1 (b), ATP7A (c), ASCT2 (d), and PepT1 (e) in IPEC-J2 cells. Cells were treated with CuSO₄, Cu-Gly, and Cu-Pro at the concentrations of 30 and 120 μM for 10 h. β-actin was used as the reference gene. The results were normalized to the gene expression in control conditions. Data represent mean values ± standard deviation (n = 3). Significant differences between processing groups are represented by different lowercase letters (p < 0.05).