Table 3.
Characterization of selected malolactic strains: β-glucosidase activity, biogenic amine formation capacity, and phenolic acid decarboxylase production.
| Strain | Species | β-Glucosidase Activity (U) * | Biogenic Amines Production: Genes (Concentration) † | Phenolic Acid Decarboxylase Gene †† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hdc | odc | tdc | pad | |||
| UVI-2 | L. paracasei | 36.9 (±1.7) | - | - | + (0.035) | - |
| UVI-5 | L. paracasei | 23.6 (±5.0) | - | + | + (0.065) | - |
| UVI-14 | L. hilgardii | 14.7 (±0.8) | - | - | + | - |
| UVI-17 | L. hilgardii | 20.6 (±0.8) | - | - | + | - |
| UVI-18 | L. hilgardii | 20.6 (±0.8) | - | - | + (0.152) | - |
| UVI-20 | L. hilgardii | 23.5 (±5.0) | - | - | + | - |
| UVI-21 | L. hilgardii | 28.9 (±2.5) | - | - | + | - |
| UVI-23 | L. hilgardii | 25.3 (±4.2) | - | - | + | - |
* Mean values (±SD). † Presence (+) or absence (−) of the tdc, odc, and/or hdc genes (increase of biogenic amine concentration in mg/L in respect to the control) SD <0.01. †† Presence (+) or absence (−) of the pad gene.