Table 2.
Clinical studies assessing the efficacy of Mefloquine (MQ) treatment and its combinations in JCPyV-infected progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) patients.
| Case Reports | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV Status | Treatment | Outcome | References |
| HIV negative | Mefloquine | No PML progression | [72,73,74,77,78,79,81,82,83,84,86,87] |
| Fatal outcome | [75,76,80,85,88] | ||
| Mefloquine + mirtazapine | PML resolution with claimed effects | [86,87,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105] | |
| PML resolution due to other factors | [96,106,107,108,109] | ||
| Fatal outcome | [87,96,110,111,112,113,114,115,116] | ||
| Therapy suspension due to side effects | [117] | ||
| Mefloquine + mirtazapine + third partner drug | PML resolution | [118] | |
| Fatal outcome | [119] | ||
| Mefloquine + risperidone | Fatal outcome | [75] | |
| Mefloquine + risperidone + cytarabine | PML resolution | [120] | |
| Mefloquine + cidofovir | PML resolution due to other factors | [121] | |
| HIV positive | Mefloquine | No PML progression | [122,123,124,125] |
| Fatal outcome | [126] | ||
| Mefloquine + mirtazapine | Premature fatal outcome | [127,128] | |
| Clinical Trial | |||
| HIV negative versus HIV positive patients | Standard of care (SOC) versus SOC + mefloquine | Lack of differences: study ended prematurely | [129] |