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. 2019 Dec 21;9(1):10. doi: 10.3390/antiox9010010

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Hepatic levels of TNF-α (A) and IL-1β (B) and Nos2 (C) mRNA expression following lead acetate (PbAc, 20 mg/kg, i.p.) and/or luteolin (LUT, 50 mg/kg, orally) exposure in male rats. The biochemical data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 7). mRNA expression results are recorded as the mean ± SD of five assays in duplicate referenced to Gapdh and represented as fold changes (log2 scale) as compared with the mRNA levels of the control group. ^a represents the statistical significance relative to that of the control group at p < 0.05. ^b represents the statistical significance relative to that of the PbAc-injected group at p < 0.05. * reflects the statistical significant differences between groups at p-values < 0.01. Moreover, ** reflects the statistical significant differences between groups at p-values < 0.001.